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axis leading to changes in thyroid function tests overlapping with the abnormalities seen in primary thyroid disease. A special area of practical concern is the common complaint from patients treated for thyroid disease that therapy has led to
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Introduction Graves’ disease (GD) is the most prevalent organ-specific autoimmune disorder and the primary cause of hyperthyroidism. GD is a well-characterized autoimmune thyroid disease with a large number of known susceptibility genes [ 1
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-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TSH-R Ab) titer or radiation absorbed dose ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ). Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO Abs) are associated with autoimmune thyroid disease, and their measurement is helpful in the diagnostic workup
Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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component in TH synthesis, and it has additional thyroid biological functions. In iodine-deficient populations, increased iodine intake has been associated with a small increase in the prevalence of SCH and autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) ( 5 ). Our
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Giani C, Fierabracci P, Bonacci R, Gigliotti A, Campani D, De Negri F, Cecchetti D, Martino E, Pinchera A: Relationship between breast cancer and thyroid disease: relevance of autoimmune thyroid disorders in breast malignancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Department of Ophthalmology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Government Hospitals, Bahrain
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Department of Ophthalmology, Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center, Cebu City, Philippines
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Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Introduction Thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as thyroid-associated orbitopathy or Graves’ ophthalmopathy, is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease. It can also occur in euthyroid patients, known as euthyroid
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Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg Hospital
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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autoimmune disease may have a different set-up of intracellular antioxidative defense mechanisms, our results cannot uncritically be extrapolated to patients with Graves' disease. The same reservation goes for thyroid cancer patients treated with adjuvant
FMTS, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg
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Inserm U1037, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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attested to by some recent controversies [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. In addition, regardless of etiology, at least for the 3 main causes, i.e., Graves disease (GD) (autoimmune HT), toxic multinodular goiter (MNG), and toxic adenoma (TA), which account for over 90% of HT
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T, Pezzarossa A, Dazzi D, Hassan H: Levothyroxine treatment in euthyroid pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease: effects on obstetrical complications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:2587–2591. 10.1210/jc.2005-1603 16621910
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international thyroid associations may consider installing a committee to examine whether the grading system has sufficient advantages to adopt it universally. The Presence of Thyroid Disease Should Be an Additional Criterion for the Diagnosis of SHyper or