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Bengt Hallengren Departments of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Tereza Planck Departments of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Peter Åsman Departments of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Mikael Lantz Departments of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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SAT is very rare, and only a limited number of cases of GD occurring after SAT have been reported [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Here, we report a case of GD with opthalmopathy occurring 11 years after SAT with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor

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Salman Razvi Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
Department of Endocrinology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, United Kingdom

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Vicky Ryan Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom

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Lorna Ingoe Department of Endocrinology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, United Kingdom
Department of Endocrinology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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Simon H. Pearce Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
Department of Endocrinology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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Scott Wilkes School of Medicine, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom

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treated as a homogenous group irrespective of age to aim for serum thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels within the population reference range (generally in the range of 0.4–4.0 mU/L) [ 8 ]. But, thyroxine metabolism is altered in advanced age, and “age

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Inge Bülow Pedersen Department of Endocrinology and Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Peter Laurberg Department of Endocrinology and Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Introduction Neonatal hyperthyroidism is a rare disease. Most cases are due to placental transferal of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor autoantibodies (TRAb) from mothers with Graves' disease to their fetuses. Even rarer causes are

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Lars Folkestad Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Frans Brandt Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Sønderborg, Denmark

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Thomas Brix Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Marianne Vogsen Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Lars Bastholt Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Peter Grupe Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Jeanette  Krogh Petersen Department of Clinical Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Laszlo Hegedüs Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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-existing GD and metastatic papillary thyroid adenocarcinoma of follicular type, had TRAB stimulation of the metastatic thyroid tissue, causing this highly differentiated tumor tissue to produce uncontrolled amounts of thyroid hormones. As the first

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Tanvir Rizvi Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va., USA

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Patrice K. Rehm Nuclear Medicine Division, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va., USA

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What Is Known about This Topic • Thyrogen® is commonly used for serum thyroglobulin testing, for radioiodine ( 131 I) imaging in those patients unwilling to undergo thyroid hormone withdrawal, in patients unable to mount an adequate thyroid-stimulating

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Yasmine Abdellaoui Department of Internal Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France

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Dimitra Magkou Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France

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Sofia Bakopoulou Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France

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Ramona Zaharia Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France

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Marie-Laure Raffin-Sanson Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France
EA 4340, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, UFR Simone Veil Santé, Montigny le Bretonneux, France

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Laure Cazabat Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France
EA 4340, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, UFR Simone Veil Santé, Montigny le Bretonneux, France

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coexistence of these two diseases presents a diagnostic challenge. What Does This Case Report Add? Autoimmune hypo- and hyperthyroidism may coexist in kindred with RTHβ. A rapid increase of suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone

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Caiyan Mo Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Han Chen Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Qi Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Ying Guo Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Liyong Zhong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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binding of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TRAb) to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors leads to unregulated thyroid hormone production independent of pituitary TSH, resulting in hyperthyroidism ( 1 ). Central hyperthyroidism is a

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Sze May Ng Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Department of Paediatrics, Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, Ormskirk, United Kingdom

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Mark A. Turner Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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Shivaram Avula Department of Radiology, Alder Hey Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom

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were calculated. We also prospectively measured thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT 4 ) in all infants at the time of recruitment (within 5 days of birth), at days 14, 21, and 28, and at 36 weeks’ CGA. These were measured by solid

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Tomohiro Kikuchi Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo–ku, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Radiology, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan

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Shouhei Hanaoka Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo–ku, Tokyo, Japan

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Takahiro Nakao Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo–ku, Tokyo, Japan

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Yukihiro Nomura Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo–ku, Tokyo, Japan
Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoicho, Inage–ku, Chiba, Japan

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Takeharu Yoshikawa Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo–ku, Tokyo, Japan

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Ashraful Alam Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo–ku, Tokyo, Japan

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Harushi Mori Department of Radiology, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan

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Naoto Hayashi Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Hongo, Bunkyo–ku, Tokyo, Japan

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. The PET images were acquired with the following parameters: FOV, 700 mm; matrix size, 128 × 128; voxel size, 5.47 × 5.47 × 3.25 mm. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, defined as elevated and decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels

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Zohar Steinberg Ben-Zeev Pediatric Department A, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel

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Marina Peniakov Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel

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Clari Felszer Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel

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Scott A Weiner Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel

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Avishay Lahad Pediatric Department A, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel

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Shlomo Almashanu The National Newborn Screening Program, Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel

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Yardena Tenenbaum Rakover Consulting Medicine in Pediatric Endocrinology, Clalit Health Services, Afula, Israel
The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

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thyrotoxicosis results from thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) crossing the placenta. The presence of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor-blocking antibodies (TBAb) is associated with transient hypothyroidism in the offspring. Antithyroid drugs such

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