Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Internal medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Internal medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Introduction Adequate iodine intake is essential in growing children because both iodine deficiency and excess can adversely affect thyroid function ( 1 , 2 ). Thyroid volume (Tvol) and goiter rate have been regarded as indicators of the long
Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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). Also, genetic ( 11 ), endocrine ( 1 , 12 ), and environmental factors ( 13 ) are likely to be part of complex interactions affecting early language acquisition. The prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity assessed by thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
North Lisbon University Hospital Center, Lisbon, Portugal
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University Hospital Center of São João, Porto, Portugal
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University Hospital Center of São João, Porto, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
University Hospital Center of São João, Porto, Portugal
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Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
University Hospital Center of São João, Porto, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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also affect endocrine organs, such as the thyroid gland ( 1 , 2 ). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor was reported as the functional receptor of the SARS-CoV virus ( 3 ). Recent studies reported that SARS-CoV-2 also employs the same
Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany
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mutation-positive medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) or RET gene fusion-positive thyroid cancer. The early approval of these drugs was based on phase 1/2 data ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). Patients with thyroid cancer were one of the larger patient groups in the
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Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Introduction Congenital central hypothyroidism (CCH) may affect as many as one in 13,000 people ( 1 ). In CCH, thyroid hormone levels are low to low-normal without the expected increases in thyrotropin (TSH), implicating defects in the brain
Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Introduction Deiodinases The thyroid produces the thyroid hormone, mainly thyroxine (T4) and to a lesser extent tri-iodothyronine (T3). Within the liver, thyroid hormones are transported across the cell membrane by thyroid hormone
Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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observations is needed in hospitals with varying numbers of thyroid surgeries and experience. Therefore, we developed a symptom-based treatment algorithm for our multicenter thyroid network. A protocolized schedule to phase out supplementation was included
UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Introduction Thyroid hemiagenesis, comprising the absence of one thyroid lobe, is a rare congenital condition in humans. This condition is usually not manifested clinically and it is detected by ultrasound screening of the neck [ 1 ]. The
Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
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Health Department, Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
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Health Department, Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
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Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
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Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
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Health Department, Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain
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Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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Introduction Thyroid hormones are involved in many processes during intrauterine life, such as somatic growth, metabolic regulation, and neurodevelopment ( 1 ). Consequently, maternal thyroid dysfunction has been related to obstetric and fetal
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Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Introduction A possible link between thyroid disease and abnormalities of the coagulation system has long been considered ( 1 ). From some of the earliest observations in the 1960s and later literature reviews, it generally appears that