Search for other papers by Theodora Pappa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Evgenideion Hospital, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
Search for other papers by Maria Alevizaki in
Google Scholar
PubMed
, Patel A, Hoperia V, Bauer A, Burman KD, Wartofsky L, Vasko V: Metformin inhibits growth and decreases resistance to anoikis in medullary thyroid cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2012;19:447-456. 10.1530/ERC-12-0046 22389381 37 Andrade BM, Araujo
Search for other papers by Cléber P. Camacho in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Susan C. Lindsey in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Teresa S. Kasamatsu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for other papers by Alberto L. Machado in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by João Roberto M. Martins in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for other papers by Rosa Paula M. Biscolla in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Magnus R. Dias da Silva in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for other papers by José Gilberto H. Vieira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for other papers by Rui M.B. Maciel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Serum calcitonin (sCT) is a useful biomarker for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and is employed for its diagnosis and follow-up monitoring [ 1 ]. In addition, some guidelines advocate sCT measurements for the differential
Search for other papers by Gilles Russ in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sophie Leboulleux in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Laurence Leenhardt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Laszlo Hegedüs in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Discovery In the absence of a history of external beam radiation or familial medullary thyroid cancer, the risk of malignancy in thyroid incidentalomas diagnosed on neck US, CT or MRI is 5-13% [ 11 , 14 ]. In contrast, the risk of malignancy when diagnosed
Search for other papers by Mikael Nilsson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Dillwyn Williams in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Thyroid C cells representing the second endocrine cell type of the gland nowadays gain interest mainly as the origin of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), which despite an often indolent local growth is an invasive and metastatic
Search for other papers by Fabio Maino in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cristina Dalmiglio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nicoletta Benenati in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Michele Campanile in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Tania Pilli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Raffaella Forleo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lucia Brilli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cristina Ciuoli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Silvia Cantara in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marco Capezzone in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alessandra Cartocci in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Furio Pacini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Maria Grazia Castagna in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Calcitonin (CT), a 32-amino acid calcium-lowering peptide secreted by the C-cells (parafollicular cells) of the thyroid, is used as a marker for the diagnosis and the follow-up of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) [ 1 ]. In patients
Search for other papers by Kristine Z Swan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Johnson Thomas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Viveque E Nielsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marie Louise Jespersen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Steen J Bonnema in
Google Scholar
PubMed
annotations, markings, writings, or crosshairs within the nodule were excluded. Multinodular goiters without a separable nodule on the ultrasound image, medullary thyroid cancer, metastasis from other cancers, thyroid lymphomas, and purely cystic nodules were
Search for other papers by Alexis Lacout in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Emmanuel Chamorey in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Juliette Thariat in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mostafa El Hajjam in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Carole Chevenet in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Renaud Schiappa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Pierre Yves Marcy in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction: This study aimed at comparing thyroid cancer staging when taking into account the differences between the “T” assessment” using ultrasound (US) and histopathological measurements. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included all consecutive differentiated follicular thyroid cancer (DTC) and medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) patients who underwent postoperative histopathological staging assessment at a single institution. Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas were excluded from the present study. Each malignant thyroid nodule was precisely evaluated by measuring its long axis using both US and gross specimen histopathological examination. T stage classification was attributed to each tumor as regards US (solely according to the tumor dimension) and histopathology: (1) solely according to the tumor dimension and (2) according to the tumor dimension and extrathyroidal extension features when present. Results: Retrospective comparison between US and histopathology size of the operated thyroid nodules showed a mean diminution of 7.52% of the tumor long axis. Tumors ≤10 mm at histopathological examination showed a larger decrease in size of 13% (p = 0.054, statistically significant) compared to the US measurements. Ten out of 72 (13.8%) patients showed final T downstaging in comparison to US assessment: (US) T2 to T1b in 6 patients (1 MTC) and (US) T1b to T1a in 4 patients (1 MTC). Two (2.9%) DTC patients were downstaged from stage 2 to stage 1. Conclusion: Precise thyroid tumor US measurement may differ significantly from that obtained by histopathological assessment, which may result in a different TNM staging and subsequent patient management.
Search for other papers by Zoë Y.G.J. van Lierop in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sander Jentjens in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Neurofibromatosis Expert Team, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Monique H.M.E. Anten in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Roel Wierts in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Connie T. Stumpel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bas Havekes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Marinus J.P.G. van Kroonenburgh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Purpose: To investigate thyroid gland characteristics on <sup>18</sup>F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Subjects and Methods: Thyroid gland characteristics of patients with a clinical diagnosis of NF1 who underwent <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT imaging for the first time to distinguish benign neurofibroma from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) at our institution (n = 69) were compared to PET/CT imaging of sarcoidosis (n = 25) and early stage lung cancer (T<sub>1</sub>N<sub>0</sub>M<sub>0</sub> tumors, n = 15) patients. Results: Two NF1 patients (3%) showed a diffuse <sup>18</sup>F-FDG<sup></sup> uptake in the thyroid gland, 2 patients (3%) had an irregular uptake, and 7 patients (10%) had a focal uptake. Among the sarcoidosis patients, 1 showed a diffuse uptake (4%) and 1 had an irregular uptake (4%). In the early stage lung cancer group, 1 patient showed a diffuse uptake (7%) and 1 had a focal uptake (7%). NF1 patients had larger mean thyroid volume and mean SUV<sub>max</sub> compared to sarcoidosis patients but not compared to early stage lung cancer patients. Four NF1 patients were diagnosed with multinodular goiter, 2 patients were diagnosed with benign chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, 1 patient had metastasis to the thyroid, and 1 patient had medullary thyroid cancer. Conclusion: Even though NF1 patients did not show an increased risk of thyroid incidentaloma on PET/CT compared to previous studies on non-thyroid cancer patients, the incidence shows that awareness of possible thyroid disease is important.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Search for other papers by Else Marie Opsahl in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Lars Andreas Akslen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ellen Schlichting in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Turid Aas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Katrin Brauckhoff in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anne Irene Hagen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alf Frimann Rosenlund in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eva Sigstad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Krystyna K. Grøholt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lovise Mæhle in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
Search for other papers by Lars Fredrik Engebretsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lars H. Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jan Erik Varhaug in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Search for other papers by Trine Bjøro in
Google Scholar
PubMed
1050-7256 4 Pelizzo MR , Boschin IM , Bernante P , Toniato A , Piotto A , Pagetta C , et al. Natural history, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of medullary thyroid cancer: 37 years experience on 157 patients . Eur J Surg Oncol
Search for other papers by Haggi Mazeh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Amir Orlev in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ido Mizrahi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by David J. Gross in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Herbert R. Freund in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Task Force, Kloos RT, Eng C, Evans DB, Francis GL, Gagel RF, Gharib H, Moley JF, Pacini F, Ringel MD, Schlumberger M, Wells SA Jr: Medullary thyroid cancer: management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid 2009;19:565-612. 10.1089/thy
