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Tim I.M. Korevaar Department of Internal Medicine and the Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Rima Dhillon-Smith Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research and the Birmingham Clinical Trials Unit, the Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Arri Coomarasamy Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research and the Birmingham Clinical Trials Unit, the Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Robin P. Peeters Department of Internal Medicine and the Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Dear Editor, The number of clinical studies on the effects of thyroid function on fertility and pregnancy is increasing rapidly. However, there are still unanswered clinically important questions such as whether women with mild thyroid function

Article Type:
Letter
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000504389
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Stine Linding Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Aarhus, Denmark

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Jørn Olsen Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Chun Sen Wu Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Peter Laurberg Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Aarhus, Denmark

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Introduction Pregnancy loss is an adverse outcome of pregnancy in which conception does not result in a live-born child [ 1 ]. Early pregnancy loss (spontaneous abortion) is in Denmark defined as the spontaneous termination of pregnancy before

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000365101
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 3
Free access
Eftychia Koukkou Department of Endocrinology, E Venizelou Maternity Hospital, Athens

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Ioannis Ilias Department of Endocrinology, E Venizelou Maternity Hospital, Athens

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Irene Mamalis Departments of Endocrinology, Patras, Greece

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Georgios G. Adonakis Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

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Kostas B. Markou Departments of Endocrinology, Patras, Greece

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women and older children [ 1 , 2 ]. It is well documented that severe dietary maternal iodine deficiency in pregnancy is responsible for poor obstetric outcomes and neurodevelopment of the offspring [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], but it also appears that even mild

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000446070
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 2
Free access
Kamilla R Riis Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Steen J Bonnema Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Anja F Dreyer Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Dorte Glintborg Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Niels Bilenberg Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark Odense, Odense, Denmark

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Dorthe Bleses TrygFonden’s Centre for Child Research and School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Fabio Trecca TrygFonden’s Centre for Child Research and School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Marianne S Andersen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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). Maternal TPOAb positivity in early pregnancy has been associated with poorer intelligence scores on the Bayley Scale of Infant Development in the offspring at 25–30 months ( 16 ). In two mother–child cohorts from the Netherlands (Generation R) and the

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid and reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0233
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Open access
Marta Kostecka-Matyja Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow

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Anna Fedorowicz Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow

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Ewa Bar-Andziak Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University, Warsaw

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Tomasz Bednarczuk Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University, Warsaw

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Monika Buziak-Bereza Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow

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Paulina Dumnicka Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow

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Maria Górska Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok

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Małgorzata Krasnodębska Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University, Warsaw

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Beata Niedźwiedzka Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University, Warsaw

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Dorota Pach Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow

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Marek Ruchała Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan

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Katarzyna Siewko Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok

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Bogdan Solnica Department of Diagnostics, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland

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Jerzy Sowiński Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan

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Małgorzata Szelachowska Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Bialystok

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Małgorzata Trofimiuk-Müldner Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow

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Katarzyna Wachowiak-Ochmańska Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan

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Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow

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Introduction The diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases in pregnant women is a difficult and real challenge for the treating physician. Thyroid disorders in women of childbearing age are frequent - they affect around 1.2% of pregnancies

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000453061
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 2
Free access
Stine Linding Andersen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Stig Andersen Department of Geriatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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function have drawn much attention in pregnant women, specifically. A main focus on maternal T4 in pregnancy emerged before TSH assays were available. With the advancement of assays, the concept of “isolated hypothyroxinemia” emerged. No

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000506228
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Free access
Stine Linding Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg

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Jørn Olsen Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Chun Sen Wu Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Peter Laurberg Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg

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Introduction Thyroid hormones are essential for fetal growth and development [ 1 ] and several studies have reported an association between maternal thyroid dysfunction and pregnancy outcomes [ 2 ]. Gestational age at delivery and birth

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000350513
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 2
Free access
Hiroyuki Iwaki Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Kenji Ohba Medical Education Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Eisaku Okada Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Takeshi Murakoshi Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Perinatal Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Yumiko Kashiwabara Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Chiga Hayashi Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Akio Matsushita Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Shigekazu Sasaki Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Takafumi Suda Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Yutaka Oki Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hamamatsu-Kita Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Rieko Gemma Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Introduction Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) are the mainstay of medical treatment for Graves’ hyperthyroidism, occurring in approximately 0.2% during pregnancy [ 1 ]. All ATDs tend to be more potent in the fetus than in the mother [ 2 - 4 ]. ATD

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000509324
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 5
Free access
George J. Kahaly Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Luigi Bartalena Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Lazlo Hegedüs Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Laurence Leenhardt Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors Unit, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France

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Kris Poppe Endocrine Unit, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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Simon H. Pearce Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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. Environmental factors, such as cigarette smoking, high dietary iodine intake, stress, and pregnancy, also predispose to GD [ 15 - 17 ]. Oral contraceptive pill use appears protective, as is male sex, suggesting a strong influence of sex hormones [ 6 , 15

Article Type:
Guideline
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000490384
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 4
Free access
Kris Poppe Endocrine Unit, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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Peter Bisschop Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Laura Fugazzola Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Gesthimani Minziori Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

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David Unuane Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium

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Andrea Weghofer Department of Gynecological Endocrinology & Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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-releasing hormone (GnRH) and other hormones like prolactin [ 4 , 5 ]. Although restoring thyroid function can normalize the menstrual pattern and/or the reproductive hormonal profile, it is not always followed by pregnancy. In case of male subfertility

Article Type:
Guideline
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000512790
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 6
Free access