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Line Tang Møllehave Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Nils Knudsen Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

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Allan Linneberg Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Inge Bülow Pedersen Department of Endocrinology and Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Gitte Ravn-Haren Research Group for Risk Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark

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Anja Lykke Madsen Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Allan Carlé Department of Endocrinology and Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Charlotte Cerqueira The Danish Clinical Quality Program – National Clinical Registries (RKKP), Denmark

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Anne Krejbjerg Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Lone Banke Rasmussen Independent researcher, Klemensker, Denmark

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Lars Ovesen Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Hans Perrild Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

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Lena Bjergved Sigurd Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Betina Heinsbæk Thuesen Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Pernille Vejbjerg Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Torben Jørgensen Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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salt and salt for bread production was within the acceptable range of 80–150% of the fortification level of 13 ppm (10.4–19.5 ppm) in 93% (65/72) of the samples. The iodine concentration was above and below limits in four and three samples, respectively

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Marta Taida García-Ascaso Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain

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Susana Ares Segura Servicio de Neonatología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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Purificación Ros Pérez Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain

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Roi Piñeiro Pérez Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General de Villalba, Madrid, Spain

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Marta Alfageme Zubillaga Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain

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total, about 20% of the world’s population is at risk [ 3 ]. To determine the nutritional status of iodine in a population, the WHO and the Iodine Global Network indicate the urinary iodine concentration (UIC, expressed in μg/L) to provide the most

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Clare Yvonne England National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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Laura Moss Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom

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Matthew Beasley University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom

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Ingrid Haupt-Schott Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom

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Georgia Herbert National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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Charlotte Atkinson National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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spot urinary iodine concentration (UIC) between people following a 1-week and those following a 2-week LID [ 13 ]. Despite the mixed evidence, the European Association of Nuclear Medicine Therapy Committee recommends that RIA should be postponed if

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Wenxing Guo The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

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Long Tan The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

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Shuyao Dong The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

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Ya Jin The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

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Mei Zhu The Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China

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Hongyan Wei The Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China

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Yanting Chen The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

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Lili Fan The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

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Cong Du The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

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Wanqi Zhang The Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
The Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China

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TNs were recorded. Urinary Iodine In the morning, the midstream urine samples were collected to determine the urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) by ammonium persulfate digestion with spectrophotometric detection of the Sandell

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Joachim N Nilsson Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Jonathan Siikanen Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Vincenzo Condello Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Kenbugul Jatta Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Ravi Saini Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Christel Hedman Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Stockholms Sjukhem Foundation's Research and Development Department, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

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Catharina Ihre Lundgren Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumours and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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C Christofer Juhlin Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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/no), which limits the ability to accurately quantify the uptake. This study aimed to provide quantitative information on iodine avidity with higher precision and detail than previously published, using ex vivo measurements of iodine concentrations in

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Nicholas Hope Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK

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Andrew Kelly Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK

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study has an evidence rating level of 2-. Erbil et al. [ 8 ]conducted a randomised controlled trial looking at the effect of pre-operative Lugol's iodine solution on the vascularity of the thyroid gland in Graves' disease. This piece of work clearly

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Line Tang Møllehave Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Allan Linneberg Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Tea Skaaby Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Nils Knudsen Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Lars Ehlers Danish Center for Healthcare Improvements, Department of Business and Management, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Torben Jørgensen Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Betina Heinsbæk Thuesen Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

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2000 to the start of 2010, and may indicate an increased diagnostic activity in structural thyroid diseases. Secondly, iodine intake may have fluctuated beyond the effect of IF. Following IF, median urinary iodine concentration increased from 61 µg/L in

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Stasa Ivkovic Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Belgrade, Serbia

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/l, respectively), but 7 weeks later, FT4 level was 2.6 pmol/l, and the highest level of TSH was 75 mlU/l. The symptoms of sensitive polyneuropathy manifested soon after introducing levothyroxine therapy. Fatigue, lack of concentration, forgetfulness, depression

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Roberto Negro Division of Endocrinology, “V. Fazzi” Hospital, Lecce, Italy

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Roberto Attanasio Endocrinology Service, Galeazzi Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Enrico Papini Department of Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, Italy

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Rinaldo Guglielmi Department of Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, Italy

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Franco Grimaldi Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “S. Maria della Misericordia”, Udine, Italy

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Vincenzo Toscano Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy

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Dan Alexandru  Niculescu Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University of Medicine of Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

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Diana Loreta  Paun Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University of Medicine of Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

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Catalina Poiana Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University of Medicine of Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

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is not available (no urinary iodine vs. other options, p < 0.01). In a pregnant patient negative for TPOAb, about half of respondents considered 2.5 mIU/L the normal upper limit of TSH (2.5 mIU/L vs. other TSH levels, p < 0.01; Fig.  1 ). To

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Jean-Charles Martin Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Institut National pour la Santé Et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Marseille, France

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Thierry Pourcher Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology Laboratory (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), School of Medicine, Nice, France

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Guillaume Phan Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France

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Julien Guglielmi Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology Laboratory (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), School of Medicine, Nice, France

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Caroline Crambes Pharmacie Centrale des Armées (PCA), Direction des Approvisionnements en produits de Santé des Armées, Fleury-les-Aubrais, France

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François Caire-Maurisier Pharmacie Centrale des Armées (PCA), Direction des Approvisionnements en produits de Santé des Armées, Fleury-les-Aubrais, France

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Dalila Lebsir Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France

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David Cohen Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France

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Clément Rosique Centre de recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Institut National pour la Santé Et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Marseille, France

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Lun Jing Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology Laboratory (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), School of Medicine, Nice, France

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Maha Hichri Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology Laboratory (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), School of Medicine, Nice, France

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Lisa Salleron Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology Laboratory (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), School of Medicine, Nice, France

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Jacques Darcourt Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology Laboratory (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Frederic Joliot, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d’Azur (UCA), School of Medicine, Nice, France

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Maamar Souidi Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France

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Marc Benderitter Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Santé, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France

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. Pharmacokinetics of repetitive ITB A correlation between KI concentrations in the plasma and a blockade of the uptake of iodine radioisotopes into the thyroid has already been suggested in early studies ( 9 , 10 ), but it has never been fully characterized

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