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Elena Hoppe Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
Department of Paediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Alan Chun Hong Lee Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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David Hoppe Department of Psychology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

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George J. Kahaly Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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a few reports specified that they recruited patients who were euthyroid [ 19 , 24 ] or treatment-naïve [ 21 , 25 ]. The QoL assessment may thus have been confounded as hyperthyroidism was associated with worse QoL [ 26 ] and previous GO treatment

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Sébastien Verdickt Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Falco Van Nes Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Carolien Moyson Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Toon Maes Department of Endocrinology, Imeldaziekenhuis Bonheiden, Bonheiden, Belgium

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Paul Van Crombrugge Department of Endocrinology, OLV Ziekenhuis Aalst-Asse-Ninove, Aalst, Belgium

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Annick Van den Bruel Department of Endocrinology, AZ Sint Jan Brugge, Brugge, Belgium

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Brigitte Decallonne Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Introduction Radioactive iodine (RAI) has been used for the treatment of patients with Graves’ hyperthyroidism since the 1950s. After a single RAI administration, patients ideally become euthyroid but frequently develop hypothyroidism. On the

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Emilie Brûlé Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Xiang Zhou Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Ying Wang Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Evan R S Buddle Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Luisina Ongaro Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Mary Loka Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Anita Boelen Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Daniel J Bernard Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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-Cas9 introduced 2 and 4 bp deletions in Irs4 in the mouse models analyzed here. WT, wild type; ̶ , deleted bp in the Δ2 and Δ4 strains. The PAM sequence is marked in green. Amino acids are numbered. (C) Pituitary Irs4 mRNA expression in euthyroid

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Tumay Ozgur Departments of Pathology, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey

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Hasan Gokce Departments of Pathology, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey

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Ihsan Ustun Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey

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Mehmet Yaldiz Departments of Pathology, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey

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Mehmet Mustafa Akin Departments of Pathology, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey

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Cumali Gokce Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty, Hatay, Turkey

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clinical picture is fairly clear, the origin of RT is not yet known. There are many hypotheses regarding this disorder [ 11 ]. It is mostly seen in middle-aged females, as was the case here, a 42-year-old women [ 12 ]. Patients with RT are usually euthyroid

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Stefan Matei Constantinescu Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium

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Julien Hospel Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium

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Chantal Daumerie Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium

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Orsalia Alexopoulou Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium

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Dominique Maiter Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium

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Maria-Cristina Burlacu Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium

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(85%) patients were treated with thiamazole, 3 with propylthiouracil, and 17 with both drugs. Median duration of medical treatment was 18.0 (12.0–41.3) months, and 65 out of 136 (48%) patients were treated for more than 18 months. Euthyroidism was

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Colin M. Dayan Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK

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Vijay Panicker Department of Endocrinology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, W.A., Australia

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. Grouped analysis whereby groups of abnormal thyroid function are compared to the euthyroid reference population is the other common method of analysis; however, the small number of subjects in the abnormal groups often affects the power of these studies

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Nadine Johnson Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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Vikash Chatrani Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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Anna-Kay Taylor-Christmas Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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Eric Choo-Kang Departments of Chemical Pathology, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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Monica Smikle Departments of Microbiology, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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Rosemarie Wright-Pascoe Departments of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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Karen Phillips Departments of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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Marvin Reid Tropical Metabolism Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica

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established from the 95% confidence limits of the log-transformed values of at least 120 rigorously screened euthyroid subjects [ 22 ]. log transformation did not normalize our data, thus pregnancy-specific reference values (R1) were calculated using the 2

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Anna Göbel Departments of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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Marcus Heldmann Departments of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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Martin Göttlich Departments of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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Anna-Luise Dirk Departments of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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Georg Brabant Departments of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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Thomas F. Münte Departments of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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full width at half maximum Gaussian kernel) and spatially normalized into stereotactic Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space. A within-subject comparison of euthyroid versus hyperthyroid state was performed. Significance was accepted at a

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Aglaia Kyrilli Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Nunzia Tacelli Department of Radiology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Lucia Russo Department of Medicine, DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy

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Laetitia Lebrun Department of Pathology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Isabelle Salmon Department of Pathology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Gilles Russ Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors, Institute of Endocrinology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France

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Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, Brussels, Belgium

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Bernard Corvilain Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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eluded recruitment procedure, and so were excluded. Twenty-seven out of the 36 euthyroid patients with AFTN underwent 123 I scintigraphy which was positive and concordant with 99m TcO 4 − for the presence of an AFTN for all cases but 2, so the latter

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John H. Lazarus Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

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meetings. Treatment of Graves’ Hyperthyroidism in Women of Childbearing Age Current guidelines indicate that the optimal time to conceive is once a euthyroid state is reached [ 13 ]. Pre-pregnancy counselling for all patients with hyperthyroidism

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