Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Introduction For more than three decades, the cornerstones in the clinical management of patients with thyroid nodules have been ultrasound (US) and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Robust evidence demonstrates that the
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.7%), Bethesda III ( n = 16; 34%), Bethesda IV ( n = 8; 17%), and Bethesda V ( n = 1; 2.1%) ( Fig. 4 ). Figure 4 Cytological evaluation by fine needle aspiration (FNA) of 46 autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN). Bethesda categories II, III
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composition with calcifications occupying the right lobe. Thyroid function tests revealed low T3 (apparently within the context of low T3 syndrome) and positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. We performed fine-needle aspiration of the thyroid lesion that
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NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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nodule in the thyroid gland was disclosed. The US identified a solid isocogenic nodule of 17 × 18 × 8 mm, EU-TIRADS 3 [ 9 ], and the US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis was suspicious for malignancy (Bethesda V [ 10 ]). She was then
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Departments of Clinical PET Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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Departments of Clinical PET Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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uptake with ultrasonography (USG) with and without fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and where appropriate referral to the head and neck, endocrinology or endocrine surgery teams for further management. The final diagnosis for the focal thyroid incidentalomas
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Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Departments of Medicine, Oncology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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malignancy risk stratification information, in addition to patient characteristics, clinicians make a decision between pursuing further diagnostic testing (usually in the form of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB)), repeating ultrasound imaging, or
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thyroid nodular disease who underwent fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with adequate cytology from 2003 to 2019. Exclusion criteria were (1) patients with a family history of MTC or MEN syndrome; (2) patients with known presence of kidney failure
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to discriminate benign from malignant nodules, since cancer prevalence is 7–15% of all nodules [ 2 ]. US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) with cytology has high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating benign from malignant nodules
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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. Thyroid ultrasound (US) examination represents the gold standard for the stratification of thyroid lesions, determining the need for fine-needle aspiration (FNA). An improper use of FNA has the risk of increasing healthcare expenditures and even of
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Medical Education Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
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Department of Pharmacology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
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-old Japanese man with no family history of benign or malignant thyroid neoplasms, and without exposure to radiation, was found to have a nodule on the right lobe of his thyroid gland from ultrasonography (US) during an annual checkup. Fine-needle aspiration