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Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Division of Pharmacies and Reimbursement, Danish Health and Medicines Authority, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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monotherapy. Some researchers suggest that T 3 - the biological active form of thyroid hormone - should be used in these cases [ 3 ]. It has also been suggested that some patients are not able to benefit from monotherapy due to defects in their deiodinase
Department of Surgery, Ito Hospital, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Introduction Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine-related malignancy, with an incidence of 821,214 new cases diagnosed in 2022 (World Health Organization. Cancer Today–GLOBOCAN2020. Available from: https
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Introduction Pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is a rare disease; however, its worldwide incidence is rising ( 1 , 2 ). DTC comprises several histological subtypes, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounting for the vast
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Introduction Childhood thyroid cancer is a rare malignancy, but its incidence has been gradually increasing according to several epidemiologic studies [ 1 , 2 ]. An increase in the incidence of childhood thyroid cancer (aged 0-14 years) was
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-treated patients and may lead to reduced compliance with the instructions of taking levothyroxine on an empty stomach and at least 30 min before eating and drinking, which in turn may lead to an increase in plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) post-Ramadan, as
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medium-long and short wavelengths and thus are dichromatic, primates including humans, have evolved trichromatic color vision [ 1 , 2 ]. It is well established that thyroid hormone (TH) is critical for normal brain development including development of
Department of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City
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Introduction In 1987, Ralls et al. [ 1 ] first used color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) to show increased blood flow to the thyroid gland in patients with Graves' disease (GD). Since then, CDU has been used to investigate the pathogenesis of
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Introduction Graves' disease (GD) is a prevalent thyroid disease and a leading cause of hyperthyroidism worldwide [ 1 ]. The detection of activating TSH-receptor autoantibodies confirms GD diagnosis and explains the abnormally increased
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Introduction Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a thyroid-specific protein, and its serum levels are useful for monitoring patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) who underwent total thyroidectomy. However, anti-Tg antibodies (TgAb) are
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Introduction An increasing number of studies focusing on thyroid disease and pregnancy have been published over the last decades. Such interest has been driven by at least 2 factors: the relevant number of women suffering from thyroid disease