M Grussendorf
M Grussendorf
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
Search for other papers by M Grussendorf in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by M Grussendorf in
Google Scholar
PubMed
I Ruschenburg
I Ruschenburg
MVZ Wagnerstibbe Center for Cytology and Pathology, Einbeck, Germany
Search for other papers by I Ruschenburg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by I Ruschenburg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
G Brabant
G Brabant
Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Search for other papers by G Brabant in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by G Brabant in
Google Scholar
PubMed
M Kim HI Ha J Jeon MJ Kim WG Lim DJ Kim TY Chung JH Shong YK Kim TH Tumor volume doubling time in active surveillance of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a multicenter cohort study in Korea . Thyroid 2021 31 1494 – 1501 . ( https
Luca Persani
Luca Persani
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
Search for other papers by Luca Persani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
Search for other papers by Luca Persani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Patrice Rodien
Patrice Rodien
Service d’Endocrinologie-Diabétologie-Nutrition, Centre de référence des maladies rares de la Thyroïde et des récepteurs hormonaux, CHU d’Angers, Angers, France.
Search for other papers by Patrice Rodien in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Patrice Rodien in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Carla Moran
Carla Moran
Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Endocrine Section, Beacon Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
Endocrinology Department, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Search for other papers by Carla Moran in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Endocrine Section, Beacon Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
Endocrinology Department, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Search for other papers by Carla Moran in
Google Scholar
PubMed
W Edward Visser
W Edward Visser
Department of Internal Medicine and Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by W Edward Visser in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by W Edward Visser in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Stefan Groeneweg
Stefan Groeneweg
Department of Internal Medicine and Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Stefan Groeneweg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Stefan Groeneweg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Robin Peeters
Robin Peeters
Department of Internal Medicine and Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Robin Peeters in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Robin Peeters in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Samuel Refetoff
Samuel Refetoff
Departments of Medicine and Paediatrics and Committee on Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for other papers by Samuel Refetoff in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Samuel Refetoff in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Mark Gurnell
Mark Gurnell
Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Search for other papers by Mark Gurnell in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mark Gurnell in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Paolo Beck-Peccoz
Paolo Beck-Peccoz
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
Search for other papers by Paolo Beck-Peccoz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Paolo Beck-Peccoz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Krishna Chatterjee
Krishna Chatterjee
Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Search for other papers by Krishna Chatterjee in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Krishna Chatterjee in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Membrane transporters are rate-limiting for cellular entry of thyroid hormones (TH; T4 and T3) into some tissues, with selenocysteine-containing deiodinase enzymes (D1, D2) converting T4 to the biologically active hormone T3. THs
Jaume Capdevila
Jaume Capdevila
Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), IOB Quiron-Teknon, Barcelona, Spain
Search for other papers by Jaume Capdevila in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jaume Capdevila in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Desiree’ Deandreis
Desiree’ Deandreis
Department of Medical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine Unit, University of Turin, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
Search for other papers by Desiree’ Deandreis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Desiree’ Deandreis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Cosimo Durante
Cosimo Durante
Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Cosimo Durante in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cosimo Durante in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sophie Leboulleux
Sophie Leboulleux
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, University Hospital Geneve, Geneve, Switzerland
Search for other papers by Sophie Leboulleux in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sophie Leboulleux in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Markus Luster
Markus Luster
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
Search for other papers by Markus Luster in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Markus Luster in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Romana Netea-Maier
Romana Netea-Maier
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Romana Netea-Maier in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Romana Netea-Maier in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Kate Newbold
Kate Newbold
Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Search for other papers by Kate Newbold in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kate Newbold in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Susanne Singer
Susanne Singer
Institute of Medical Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
Search for other papers by Susanne Singer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Susanne Singer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Gerasimos P Sykiotis
Gerasimos P Sykiotis
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Search for other papers by Gerasimos P Sykiotis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Gerasimos P Sykiotis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Beate Bartes
Beate Bartes
Association “Vivre sans Thyroïde”, Léguevin, France
Search for other papers by Beate Bartes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Beate Bartes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Kate Farnell
Kate Farnell
Butterfly Thyroid Cancer Trust, Rowlands Gill, Tyne & Wear, UK
Search for other papers by Kate Farnell in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kate Farnell in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Laura Deborah Locati
Laura Deborah Locati
Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy
Search for other papers by Laura Deborah Locati in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy
Search for other papers by Laura Deborah Locati in
Google Scholar
PubMed
cytology, according to which patients are assigned to surveillance or surgery. Many patients who undergo surgery will receive post-surgical therapy with radioactive iodine (RAI) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression, which can improve long
Jacqueline Jonklaas
Jacqueline Jonklaas
Division of Endocrinology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
Search for other papers by Jacqueline Jonklaas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jacqueline Jonklaas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Antonio C. Bianco
Antonio C. Bianco
Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for other papers by Antonio C. Bianco in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Antonio C. Bianco in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Anne R. Cappola
Anne R. Cappola
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Search for other papers by Anne R. Cappola in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anne R. Cappola in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Francesco S. Celi
Francesco S. Celi
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
Search for other papers by Francesco S. Celi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Francesco S. Celi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Eric Fliers
Eric Fliers
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Eric Fliers in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eric Fliers in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Heike Heuer
Heike Heuer
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Search for other papers by Heike Heuer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Heike Heuer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Elizabeth A. McAninch
Elizabeth A. McAninch
Division of Endocrinology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for other papers by Elizabeth A. McAninch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Elizabeth A. McAninch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Lars C. Moeller
Lars C. Moeller
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Search for other papers by Lars C. Moeller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lars C. Moeller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Birte Nygaard
Birte Nygaard
Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospitals, Herlev, Denmark
Search for other papers by Birte Nygaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Birte Nygaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Anna M. Sawka
Anna M. Sawka
Division of Endocrinology, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Search for other papers by Anna M. Sawka in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anna M. Sawka in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Torquil Watt
Torquil Watt
Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Torquil Watt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Torquil Watt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Colin M. Dayan
Colin M. Dayan
Thyroid Research Group, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
Search for other papers by Colin M. Dayan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Colin M. Dayan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
gene) in facilitating TH passage across brain barriers. Murine studies also provide strong evidence that apart from MCT8 and OATP1C1, additional TH transporters yet to be defined in humans must be active to ensure proper neural activity and a functional
Irene Campi
Irene Campi
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Irene Campi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Irene Campi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Marco Dell’Acqua
Marco Dell’Acqua
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Marco Dell’Acqua in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marco Dell’Acqua in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Elisa Stellaria Grassi
Elisa Stellaria Grassi
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Elisa Stellaria Grassi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Elisa Stellaria Grassi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Maria Cristina Vigone
Maria Cristina Vigone
Department of Paediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Maria Cristina Vigone in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Maria Cristina Vigone in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Luca Persani
Luca Persani
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Luca Persani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Luca Persani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
intestinal diseases must be ruled out ( Table 3 ). Several conditions may cause malabsorption of L-T4. The absorption of L-T4 in the jejunum and ileum requires the disintegration and solubilization of L-T4 from the solid phase to release of the active
