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Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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years [ 4 ]. Therefore, the correct identification of nodules that are malignant and avoidance of unnecessary procedures for those that are benign represent the challenge for endocrinologists. Cytological examination of material obtained by fine
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Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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classification reporting US features in the transition age were selected. Inclusion criteria were (i) use of histology as a reference standard for the diagnosis of malignancy and histology or cytology as a reference standard for the diagnosis of benignity; (ii
INSERM 1086 ANTICIPE, Caen University, Caen, France
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thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology, enabling malignancy in 18 FCH-negative nodules to be reliably excluded ( 3 ). Some cases of increased and diffuse 18 FCH uptake in the thyroid gland have been described in the imaging workup of patients with
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metastases and recurrences, PTC frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes, whereas distant metastasis/recurrence is predominant for FTC. PTC is generally diagnosed by cytological examination, whereas FTC is normally diagnosed on postoperative
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patients with cytologically benign nodules subjected to RF at six Italian Institutions (benignity was confirmed by two repeated fine-needle aspirations, Class II of Bethesda reporting system). Data from 337 patients were obtained from a prospective study
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Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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ultrasound reports. They also aim to improve the indication of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) by evaluating TNs based on category-risk assessment and category-specific dimensional cut-offs. Although the different TIRADS were developed with varying
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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improved due to better sensitivity and increased use of biochemical, radiological, and cytological examinations, hence making MTC diagnosis possible at lower tumor stages [ 3 , 12 , 13 ]. Calcitonin is a good tumor marker in diagnostics and follow
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NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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]. Moreover, US-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology is triggering an overdiagnosis of PTC, with the associated risks and harms of overtreatment [ 1 , 2 ]. It is estimated that 49% of the rising incidence of thyroid carcinomas consist of cancers measuring 1
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-defined dominant nodules ( Fig. 1A , blue nodule), which were confirmed as Bethesda class II on cytology, with a largest diameter ≥20 mm and/or complaining of cosmetic or symptomatic problems; and (v) refusal or unable to undergo thyroidectomy due to underlying
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Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Subiaco, Washington, Australia
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King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Washington, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Washington, Australia
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Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
Department of Medical Genetics,
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Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School
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). Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology revealed a follicular neoplasm and the patient underwent a right hemithyroidectomy in October 2007. Histopathological examination revealed 2 thyroid nodules (Fig 2 a, b). The first was a 35 mm