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Hiroyuki Iwaki Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Kenji Ohba Medical Education Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Eisaku Okada Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Takeshi Murakoshi Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Perinatal Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Yumiko Kashiwabara Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Chiga Hayashi Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Akio Matsushita Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Shigekazu Sasaki Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Takafumi Suda Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Yutaka Oki Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Hamamatsu-Kita Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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Rieko Gemma Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan

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dosage that ensures maternal serum free thyroxine (FT4) levels at or moderately above the upper limit of the reference range is reported to be appropriate for fetal euthyroid status [ 2 ]. This recommendation was incorporated into the 2017 American

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000509324
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 5
Free access
Pei-Wen Wang Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine

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I-Ya Chen Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine

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Suh-Hang Hank Juo Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Medical Genetics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC

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Edward Hsi Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Graduate Institute of Medical Genetics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC

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Rue-Tsuan Liu Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine

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Ching-Jung Hsieh Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine

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Introduction For patients with Graves’ disease (GD), there are three choices of treatment, none of which is perfect. The primary goal of antithyroid drug therapy is to temporarily restore the patient to the euthyroid state while awaiting a

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000342621
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 4
Free access
Allan Carlé Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Nils Knudsen Department of Endocrinology I, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Torben Jørgensen Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Bettina Thuesen Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jesper Karmisholt Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Stine Linding Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Inge Bülow Pedersen Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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study period spanned from March 1997 to December 2000. This encompassed 1,055,608 years of observation. For case-control analyses, we recruited euthyroid subjects randomly selected from the same population. Patients Two geographical areas were

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000494836
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 2
Free access
Georgios K. Markantes Division of Endocrinology – Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

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Marina A. Michalaki Division of Endocrinology – Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

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George A. Vagenakis Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece

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Fotini N. Lamari Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

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Efthymia Pitsi Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

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Maria Eliopoulou Endocrinology Unit, Karamandanio Hospital, Patras, Greece

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Nicholas G. Beratis Department of Pediatrics, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

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Kostas B. Markou Division of Endocrinology – Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece

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): patients diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis, who had never used amiodarone. Group Control ( n = 21): euthyroid subjects, without history of thyroid disease or amiodarone use, with normal levels of thyroid function tests. Thyroid imaging was performed in

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000500355
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 4
Free access
Emna Jelloul Endocrine Unit Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Haute, Brussels, Belgium

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Georgiana Sitoris Endocrine Unit Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Haute, Brussels, Belgium

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Flora Veltri Endocrine Unit Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Haute, Brussels, Belgium

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Pierre Kleynen Endocrine Unit Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Haute, Brussels, Belgium

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Serge Rozenberg Departement of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Haute, Brussels, Belgium

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Kris G Poppe Endocrine Unit Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Rue Haute, Brussels, Belgium

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pregnancy in euthyroid women . Best Practice and Research. Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2023 37 101632 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2022.101632 ) 21 Benson AE Shatzel JJ Ryan KS Hedges MA Martens K Aslan JE & Lo JO . The

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid and reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0112
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 6
Open access
Toshihide Yamamoto Yao Tokushukai General Hospital, Yao, Japan

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were measured 3 months after dosage adjustment. Doses to keep serum TSH levels within the reference range were maintained. All of them had stayed in a euthyroid state and had never been treated with medication containing glucocorticoids (GC). Seven

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000433532
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 3
Free access
Roberto Negro Division of Endocrinology, “V. Fazzi” Hospital, Lecce

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Roberto Attanasio Endocrinology Service, Galeazzi Institute IRCCS, Milan

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Franco Grimaldi Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “S. Maria della Misericordia,” Udine

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Andrea Frasoldati Division of Endocrinology, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia

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Rinaldo Guglielmi Department of Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, Italy

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Enrico Papini Department of Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, Italy

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249 euthyroid patients with benign uni-multinodular goiters, one-fourth of the patients experienced a significant event, such as new nodule appearance, a nodule diameter increase of >50%, appearance of compressive symptoms, thyroidectomy, FNA

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000453032
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 2
Free access
Stine Linding Andersen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Niels Henrik Bruun Unit of Clinical Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Peter Astrup Christensen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Simon Lykkeboe Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Aase Handberg Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Annebirthe Bo Hansen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Maja Hjelm Lundgaard Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Louise Knøsgaard Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Nanna Maria Uldall Torp Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Allan Carlé Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Jesper Karmisholt Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Inge Bülow Pedersen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Peter Vestergaard Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Stig Andersen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Geriatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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). However, the scientific focus on pregnant women has moved beyond overt hypothyroidism toward smaller abnormalities in maternal thyroid function. Furthermore, the role of thyroid autoimmunity per se is considered, and treatment of euthyroid pregnant women

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid and reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0142
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access
Giulia Brigante Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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Giorgia Spaggiari Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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Daniele Santi Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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Katia Cioni Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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Valentina Gnarini Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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Chiara Diazzi Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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Elisa Pignatti Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Center of Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia

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Livio Casarini Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Center of Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia

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Marco Marino Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Center of Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia

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Frank Tüttelmann Institute of Human Genetics, University of Munster, Munster, Germany

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Cesare Carani Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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Manuela Simoni Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences
Center of Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
Azienda USL, Modena, Italy

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) produced in the hypothalamus stimulates biosynthesis and secretion of TSH from the pituitary [ 27 ], which in turn stimulates biosynthesis of thyroid hormones [ 28 ]. The maintenance of euthyroidism is dependent on TRH regulation of TSH synthesis and

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000358590
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 2
Free access
Joke Marlier Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium

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Guy T’Sjoen Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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Jean Kaufman Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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Bruno Lapauw Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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1 (see section on supplementary materials given at the end of this article). Patients with PHT should be euthyroid (TSH levels between 0.2 and 4.5 mU/L). Only patients using the l -thyroxine® brand of LT4 (Takeda) were included. Patients using

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-21-0128
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access