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following the recommendation of previous guidelines to treat SHypo in pregnancy under application of the international TSH reference ranges, many women might have been treated with levothyroxine, which would have been unnecessary if regional reference ranges
Department of Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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centers, the Departments of Endocrinology at Aalborg University Hospital and Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen. The patients were included from January 11, 2007, to June 6, 2011. Exclusion criteria were: age <18 years, pregnancy, moderate to severe
Department of Paediatrics, Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
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pregnancy the maternal iodine supply may influence complex changes of maternal thyroid function, which may affect the neonatal thyroid gland [ 22 ]. In 1992, most European countries (with the exceptions of Switzerland, Austria, Great Britain, and most
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Institut Gustave Roussy, Havana, Cuba
University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
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Institut Gustave Roussy, Havana, Cuba
University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
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Institut Gustave Roussy, Havana, Cuba
University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
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Institut Gustave Roussy, Havana, Cuba
University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
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Institut Gustave Roussy, Havana, Cuba
University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
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adjusted OR, also adjusted for ethnic group, level of education, number of pregnancies, height (three categories for each gender) and BMI (three categories), and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. In this analysis, the results
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outcomes. For instance, several studies show an increased rate of early pregnancy loss in those with higher first trimester TSH values [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. A randomized trial of levothyroxine treatment in euthyroid, but thyroid peroxidase antibody
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Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Introduction Thyroid diseases cause menstrual disturbances, reduced fertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, perinatal mortality, and lactational deficit [ 1 , 2 ]. We have demonstrated that hypothyroidism delays the onset of parturition, reduces
undiagnosed IDD, is tightly associated with an increased risk of mortality and coronary heart disease. Moreover, iodine deficiency during pregnancy and breast-feeding is widespread in Europe and adversely affects the development of the child. Even mild or
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, Graves' disease and other autoimmune thyroid diseases predominately affect women. On the other hand, there is little sex difference in type 1 diabetes, and ankylosing spondylitis is mostly seen in men [ 13 ]. Similarly, pregnancy and the postpartum time
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implications in the differential diagnosis of AITD, in predicting the outcome of GD after antithyroid drug treatment, in evaluating the risk of extrathyroidal manifestations of GD during pregnancy, and in predicting the likelihood of fetal/neonatal hyper- or
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hypothyroidism in pregnancy [ 23 ]. Thus, the minority of respondents recommending Se to pregnant patients with HT are not acting according to current guidelines, but the level of the evidence, i.e., a single robust trial, is similar in mild Graves’ orbitopathy
