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of KI according to age group was proposed by the WHO, i.e. 130 mg KI for adults and adolescents (over 12 years), 65 mg for children (3–12 years), 32 mg for infants (1 month–3 years), and 16 mg for neonates (birth to 1 month). The key factor for the
Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Internal medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Internal medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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-term iodine nutritional status in the population. A total goiter rate of ≥ 5% in school-aged children has been used as a criterion for iodine deficiency ( 3 ). With successful iodine fortification and monitoring programs, goiters associated with iodine
Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Introduction Recent evidence has suggested that impaired thyroid hormone (TH) sensitivity is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and diabetes-related mortality even in those with a normothyroid range ( 1 ). Aging modulates
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (C.I.R.M.), University of Liege (ULiège), CHU (B35), Liege, Belgium
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Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (C.I.R.M.), University of Liege (ULiège), CHU (B35), Liege, Belgium
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Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (C.I.R.M.), University of Liege (ULiège), CHU (B35), Liege, Belgium
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Introduction Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor with age-standardized incidence rates of approximately 10.1 per 100,000 women and 3.1 per 100,000 men in 2020 (F:M = 3:1 on average), and with a low mortality rate (0.5 per
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Denmark, ID was observed in young men in 1969 ( 3 ). Therefore, in the 1970s, a survey was initiated which found a low prevalence of goiter in school-age children (unpublished data), and thus it was concluded that the Danish population was not iodine
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growth, and development, as well as adverse obstetric outcomes ( Table 1 ). Table 1 Iodine deficiency in age groups. Age group Effects of iodine deficiency Fetuses Spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, congenital anomalies
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deficiency disorders (IDD) ( 1 , 6 , 10 ). According to World Health Organization (WHO) report, approximately one-third of the world’s population lives in areas where sources of iodine are insufficient, and around 29.8% (241 million) school-age children
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E Scully P Zimmermann MB Hampshire-Jones KH & Rayman MP . A multi-centre pilot study of iodine status in UK schoolchildren, aged 8-10 years . European Journal of Nutrition 2016 55 2001 – 2009 . ( https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-1014-y
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Biobank: an open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age . PLoS Medicine 2015 12 e1001779. ( https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001779 )