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Paneeraq Noahsen Arctic Health Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
National Board of Health, Nuuk, Greenland

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Karsten F Rex Arctic Health Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
Department of Internal Medicine, Queen Ingrid’s Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland

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Inge Bülow Pedersen Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Gert Mulvad Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
Queen Ingrid’s Health Care Centre, Nuuk, Greenland

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Hans Christian Florian-Sørensen Tasiilaq Health Care Center, Tasiilaq, Greenland

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Michael Lynge Pedersen Steno Diabetes Center Nuuk, Nuuk, Greenland

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Stig Andersen Arctic Health Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
Department of Internal Medicine, Queen Ingrid’s Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Introduction Iodine intake level is important for the occurrence of thyroid disorders ( 1 ). Low iodine intake is associated with an increased risk of goiter, thyroid dysfunction, and developmental brain damage if the iodine deficiency is

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0071
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 3
Open access
Joanna Bogusławska Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Warsaw, Poland

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Marlena Godlewska Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Warsaw, Poland

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Ewa Gajda Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Warsaw, Poland

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Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Warsaw, Poland

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(TPO) catalyzes iodination of tyrosines in thyroglobulin (Tg), which attaches one or two iodine to form monoiodotyrosine (MIT) or diiodotyrosine (DIT), respectively. TPO also catalyzes the coupling of iodotyrosine residues to form triiodothyronine (T3

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-21-0024
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 1
Open access
Liliana Ribeiro Santos Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal

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Inês Vasconcelos Bessa Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
Health Investigation and Innovation Institute (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Adriana Gaspar da Rocha Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Health Investigation and Innovation Institute (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Public Health Unit, ACES Baixo Mondego, Coimbra, Portugal

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Celestino Neves Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital University Centre of São João, Porto, Portugal

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Cláudia Freitas Department of Endocrinology, Hospital University Centre of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Paula Soares Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
Health Investigation and Innovation Institute (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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. ( 28 ) 2020 Observational 99 patients HT HT patients had lower Se levels than controls. Se-deficient patients exhibited higher TSH levels, thyroid volume, antibody titres, and urinary iodine compared to Se-sufficient ones ( P < 0

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0090
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
Jinrong Fu Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Zihao Fan Department of Geriatrics, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

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Liang He Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Qian Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China

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He Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Yushu Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Haixia Guan Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

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criteria were applied to all groups: (i) thyroid cancer or other malignant disease; (ii) thyroid dysfunction, exposure to radioactive iodine treatment, antithyroid medication or thyroid hormone replacement; (iii) systemic autoimmune disease, acute

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0035
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 5
Open access
Henry B Burch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

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Petros Perros Department of Endocrinology, Leazes Wing, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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Tomasz Bednarczuk Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

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David S Cooper Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Peter J Dolman Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

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Angela M Leung Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA

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Ilse Mombaerts Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Mario Salvi Department of Clinical and Community Services, Graves’ Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Milan, Italy

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Marius N Stan Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

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factors include cigarette smoking, thyroid dysfunction, and the use of radioactive iodine (RAI). Additional potentially modifiable factors are oxidative stress and elevated serum TRAb levels, the latter affected by choice of therapy for hyperthyroidism ( 7

Article Type:
Other
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0189
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access
Jingyue Chen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Chenyan Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Weiping Teng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Zhongyan Shan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Jun Jin Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Yining Wei Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Jing Sun Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Yushu Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

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Huifang Zhou Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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radioactive iodine combined with oral glucocorticoids. When it comes to managing mild TED, the majority of endocrinologists believed that the most suitable treatment was to control hyperthyroidism and monitor continuously, while ophthalmologists reported a

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0269
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Open access