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Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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) program in the Netherlands. CH is characterized by low blood thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations. When caused by defective thyroid gland development or TH synthesis (primary or thyroidal CH), typically an increased secretion of thyrotropin
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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). Primary CH with GIS (GIS-CH) is caused by dyshormonogenesis, defects of hormone synthesis within normally located, sometimes goitrous thyroid gland. It is usually due to autosomal recessive mutations in TG, TPO, DUOX2, DUOXA2, SLC26A4 (Pendrin), SLC5A5
Laboratorio 6, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Delegación Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, México
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a change in the thyroid gland’s function ( 12 , 15 ). These conditions could be seen severely increased when a hypercaloric diet is administered because it induces epigenetic methylation patterns in adipocyte-associated metabolic dysfunction ( 16
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normal thyroid gland due to impaired thyrotropin (TSH) levels. In contrast to primary hypothyroidism (which remains one of the most common endocrine disorders in clinical practice), CeH remains relatively rare, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 16
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Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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dominant-negative variant (red) able to interfere with TSHR dimers/oligomerization. The functions of the receptor are only slightly impaired and the thyroid gland is normal. Moderate TSH resistance is caused by biallelic TSHR variants ( 43
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Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and King Saud Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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(T 3 ) are the main hormones released by the thyroid gland ( 1 ). The hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland produce and release several hormones that work synchronously to maintain the proper feedback mechanisms and homeostasis of T 4 and T 3 in
Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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QualityMetric Inc, Johnston, Lincoln, Rhode Island, USA
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Internal Medicine Research Unit, University Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark
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Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Introduction Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the leading cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient countries ( 1 ). AIT is characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland and the presence of autoantibodies against thyroid
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the presence of anti-T3 antibodies to explain the increased FT3 concentration. In an ultrasound scan, the thyroid gland was hypertrophic but homogeneous. The father suffered from hemorrhagic recto-colitis and had a heart attack at the age of 41 years
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Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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. We conclude that MetS is not associated with thyroid hypofunction considering other important confounders such as age, sex, smoking, BMI, and TPOAb positivity. Also, there is no cumulative effect of MetS over time on thyroid gland to cause any
Pediatric Department B, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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GGA – Galil Genetic Analysis Laboratory Ltd., Kazerin, Israel
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Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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hearing loss (3.42 vs. 5.34 μg/dL, p = 0.095) (Table 2 ). The etiology of CH was variable among patients with HI: those with conductive hearing loss had ectopic thyroid gland (6 patients), TPO mutation (4 patients), thyroid agenesis (1 patient), TSHR