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Rui Guo Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Bowen Zheng Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Tao Wu Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Yufan Lian Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Tinghui Yin Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Yuting He Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Jingya Qin Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Zhicheng Yao Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Wen Xu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Jie Ren Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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that the symptom scores ranged from 0 to 5. RFA procedure When we ablated multiple nodules, to avoid causing serious damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerves, all the dominant nodules in the ipsilateral thyroid lobe were ablated first, starting

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Alessia Cozzolino Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Tiziana Filardi Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Ilaria Simonelli Service of Medical Statistics and Information Technology, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, Rome, Italy
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

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Giorgio Grani Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Camilla Virili Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy

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Ilaria Stramazzo Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy

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Maria Giulia Santaguida Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy

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Pietro Locantore Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

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Massimo Maurici Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

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Daniele Gianfrilli Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Andrea M Isidori Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Cosimo Durante Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Carlotta Pozza Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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on behalf of TALENT Group
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on behalf of TALENT Group

age, which is defined as the period between the end of puberty and the achievement of peak bone mass, in an age range between 12 and 21 years ( 8 ). Therefore, the current meta-analysis aimed to bridge this gap by addressing the following issue: which

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Laura Fugazzola Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Maurilio Deandrea Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department and Center for Thyroid Diseases, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy

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Stefano Borgato Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Marco Dell’Acqua Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Francesca Retta Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department and Center for Thyroid Diseases, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy

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Alberto Mormile Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department and Center for Thyroid Diseases, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy

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Chiara Carzaniga Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Giacomo Gazzano Pathology Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Gabriele Pogliaghi Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Marina Muzza Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Luca Persani Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Introduction Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective treatment for thyroid nodules, with a mean volume reduction ranging 50–90% at 1-year follow-up ( 1 ). As a general rule, the smaller the treated nodule the higher the volume reduction

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Rachelle P Mendoza Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA

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Richard Cody Simon Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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Nicole A Cipriani Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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Tatjana Antic Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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thyroid nodules. Clinical practices have ranged from ultrasound monitoring to repeat FNA. Flanagan et al. studied 70 patients with two or more repeat FNA after an initial benign result and then subsequently underwent surgical management ( 5 ). The repeat

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Pi-Ling Chiang Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan

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Sheng-Dean Luo Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Yen-Hsiang Chang Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Chen-Kai Chou Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Shun-Yu Chi Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Departments of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Yi-Fan Chen Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan

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Wei-Che Lin Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Department of Radiology, Jen-Ai Hospital, Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

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/mL) 0.35–4.94 1.55 ± 0.92 1.52 ± 0.77 – 0.643 M, months; max., maximal; RR, reference range. ACR TI-RADS subgroups of Bethesda III nodules Repeat FNAC is recommended by the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid

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Tamas Solymosi Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinic, Bugat Hospital, Gyöngyös, Hungary
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Laszlo Hegedűs Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Steen J Bonnema Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Andrea Frasoldati Endocrinology Unit of Arcispedale S Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy

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Laszlo Jambor Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Zsolt Karanyi Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Gabor L Kovacs 1st Department of Medicine, Flohr Ferenc Hospital, Kistarcsa, Hungary

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Enrico Papini Regina Apostolorum Hospital in Albano, Rome, Italy

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Karoly Rucz 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary

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Gilles Russ Unité Thyroïde et Tumeurs Endocrines – Pr Leenhardt Hôpital La Pitie Salpetriere, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

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Endre V Nagy Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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). The ranges regarding the reported frequency of suspicious characteristics in thyroid cancers vary: 20–100% for hypoechogenicity ( 4 , 6 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ), 14–41% for very hypoechoic nodules ( 6 , 19 , 20

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Muhammad Fahad Arshad Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

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Amardass Dhami Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK

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Gillian Quarrell Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK

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Saba Prakash Balasubramanian Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

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according to whether they had PTH of ≥1.6 pmol/L (lower limit of normal reference range) at this time period, all of the those who recovered had PTH above this cut-off compared to 16/25 (64%) of the patients in the ongoing PoSH group ( P   = 0

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Milan Halenka Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

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Hana Munteanu Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

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Radko Obereigneru Faculty of Arts, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

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Roman Dohnal Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

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David Karasek Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

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Jan Schovanek Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Department of Internal Medicine III – Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic

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was previously offered to all patients. All the patients demonstrated normal thyroid function (serum TSH in the reference range). Only one girl (15 years old) had Hashimoto’s disease with hypothyroidism, adequately treated with l -thyroxine. Exclusion

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Tommaso Piticchio Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Servizio di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Lugano, Switzerland

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Gilles Russ Department of Thyroid and Endocrine Tumor Diseases, La Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, 83 Bd de l’Hopital, Paris, France

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Maija Radzina Riga Stradins University, Radiology Research Laboratory, Riga, Latvia
University of Latvia, Faculty of Medicine, Riga, Latvia

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Francesco Frasca Endocrinology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Cosimo Durante Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Pierpaolo Trimboli Servizio di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Lugano, Switzerland
Facoltà di Scienze Biomediche, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland

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that met the established inclusion criteria. References from the included studies were further screened for any additional papers. The final electronic search was conducted on June 14, 2023. The search of electronic databases was conducted without any

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Radu Mihai Department of Endocrine Surgery, Churchill Cancer Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK

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may be imperceptible to clinicians who are not familiar with patients’ voice range but may be very significant for patients themselves. There is therefore a real need to explore the broader spectrum of patients’ own perception of voice morbidity after

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