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  • Reference range x
  • Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of thyroid hormone x
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Dominik Spira Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Nikolaus Buchmann Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Marcus Dörr Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Marcello R P Markus Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Matthias Nauck German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Sabine Schipf Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Joachim Spranger Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Ilja Demuth Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BCRT – Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany

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Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Henry Völzke German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Till Ittermann Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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with low thyroid function and prediabetes seem to be more likely to progress to type 2 diabetes compared to those with prediabetes and thyroid hormone levels in the reference range ( 6 ). The effects of subclinical hypo- or hyperthyroidism on glucose

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Genfeng Yu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Siyang Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Cheng Song Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Qintao Ma Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Xingying Chen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Yuqi Jiang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Hualin Duan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Yajun He Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Dongmei Wang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Heng Wan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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Jie Shen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan), Guangdong, China

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syndrome is defined as T3 levels below the lower limit of normal. However, we included in this study a population with FT3, FT4, and TSH, all within the reference range. Therefore, FT3/FT4 is superior to FT3 in a population with normal thyroid function

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Salman Razvi Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK

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Avais Jabbar Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Department of Cardiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Arjola Bano Department of Cardiology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland

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Lorna Ingoe Department of Endocrinology, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK

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Peter Carey Departments of Endocrinology and Cardiology, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK

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Shahid Junejo Departments of Endocrinology and Cardiology, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK

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Honey Thomas Department of Cardiology, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Cramlington, UK

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Caroline Addison Department of Biochemistry, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, Gateshead, UK

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David Austin Department of Cardiology, South Tees Health NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK

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John P Greenwood Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Azfar G Zaman Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Department of Cardiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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immunoturbidimetric method. Sites that used the Roche assay measured troponin T whereas sites that utilised the Advia-Centaur measured troponin I (Supplementary methods, see section on supplementary materials given at the end of this article). The reference ranges

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