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Maja Hjelm Lundgaard Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Allan Carlé Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Ulla Birgitte Christiansen Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Anne Sørensen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Søren Risom Kristensen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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Stine Linding Andersen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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biochemical evaluation with the measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Results revealed an elevated plasma level of TSH (>100 mIU/L). Simultaneous measurements of total thyroxine (T4) as well as total triiodothyronine (T3) showed that the plasma

Article Type:
Case Report
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0109
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 4
Open access
Hicham Benabdelkamel Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Malak A Jaber Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan

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Lina A Dahabiyeh Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

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Afshan Masood Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Reem H Almalki Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genome Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Mohthash Musambil Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Anas M Abdel Rahman Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genome Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and King Saud Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Assim A Alfadda Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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diagnostic tests and therapeutic agents now implemented in the clinical setting. To assess thyroid gland function, several blood tests can be used to measure the levels of thyroid hormones and other related hormones. These tests include those for thyroid-stimulating

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0062
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 4
Open access
Anita Boelen Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Nitash Zwaveling-Soonawala Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Annemieke C Heijboer Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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A S Paul van Trotsenburg Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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-releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland occurs. Less commonly, insufficient stimulation of the thyroid gland due to defects at the level of the hypothalamus or pituitary causes CH (central CH) . In

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0041
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 4
Open access
Paolo Cavarzere Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Laura Palma Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Lara Nicolussi Principe Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Monica Vincenzi Pediatric Section, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Regional Center for Newborn Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic and Endocrinological Diseases, Verona, Italy

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Silvana Lauriola Neonatal Intensive Cure Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Rossella Gaudino Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
Pediatric Section, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Virginia Murri Pediatric Division, Hospital of San Bonifacio, Verona, Italy

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Luigi Lubrano Pediatric Division, Hospital of Legnago, Verona, Italy

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Giuliana Rossi Pediatric Division, Hospital of Mestre, Venezia, Italy

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Alessia Sallemi Pediatric Division, Hospital of Venezia, Venezia, Italy

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Ermanna Fattori Pediatric Division, Hospital of Negrar, Verona, Italy

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Marta Camilot Pediatric Section, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Regional Center for Newborn Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic and Endocrinological Diseases, Verona, Italy

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Franco Antoniazzi Pediatric Division, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
Pediatric Section, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Regional Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Children and Adolescents Rare Skeletal Disorders, Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

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.1177/0009922817729484 ) 11 Evans C Gregory JW Barton J Bidder C Gibbs J Pryce R Al-Muzaffar I Ludgate M Warner J John R Transient congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor blocking antibodies: a case series . Annals of

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0060
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 5
Open access
Jeppe Lerche la Cour Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospitals, Herlev, Denmark

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Line Tang Møllehave Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region, Denmark

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Bjarke Røssner Medici Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospitals, Herlev, Denmark

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Christian Zinck Jensen Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospitals, Herlev, Denmark

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Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region, Denmark

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Birte Nygaard Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospitals, Herlev, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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the quality of life has been debated for many years ( 1 ), while the use of thyroid hormone has increased worldwide. In Denmark, from 2001 to 2015, an increase of 132% was seen, simultaneously, with a decrease in the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0149
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access
Joke Marlier Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium

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Guy T’Sjoen Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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Jean Kaufman Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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Bruno Lapauw Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

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relatively straightforward, optimal TH replacement in patients with CHT is more challenging. This is because of the impossibility to be guided by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) serum level as TSH levels may be low, normal or mildly elevated at diagnosis

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-21-0128
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access
Irene Campi Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy

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Marco Dell’Acqua Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Elisa Stellaria Grassi Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Maria Cristina Vigone Department of Paediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy

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Luca Persani Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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hypothyroidism include cardiovascular morbidity and increased mortality ( 3 , 4 ), several Scientific Societies recommend to measure circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in patients at risk. Iodine deficiency is still a common cause of

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0012
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 4
Open access
Roberto Fiore Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Hôtel des Patients, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Stefano La Rosa Unit of Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Silvia Uccella Unit of Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Deborah Marchiori Unit of Pathology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Peter A Kopp Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Hôtel des Patients, Lausanne, Switzerland

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to retroperitoneal lymph nodes, the liver and the lungs. Because of the widely metastatic disease, nephrectomy was not performed. At initial diagnosis, the thyroid function tests showed a discrete elevation of his thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at

Article Type:
Case Report
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0006
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 5
Open access
Frederick Keen Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, Llantrisant, UK

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Anuja Chalishazar Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, Llantrisant, UK

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Kelly Mitchem Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, Llantrisant, UK

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Alan Dodd Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, Llantrisant, UK

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Atul Kalhan Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, Llantrisant, UK

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Introduction Central hypothyroidism (CeH) is a heterogeneous disorder characterised by reduced thyroid hormone (TH) secretion due to pituitary and/or hypothalamic disorders. There is insufficient stimulation of TH secretion from an otherwise

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-21-0119
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Jorge Alberto Tapia-Martínez Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México
Laboratorio 6, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Delegación Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, México

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Margarita Franco-Colín Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México

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Vanessa Blas-Valdivia Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México

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Edgar Cano-Europa Laboratorio de Metabolismo I, Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Colonia Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México

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Introduction Thyroid hormones participate in several processes related to growth, development, cell differentiation, and metabolism in all cells from embryonic development to adulthood ( 1 ). The thyroid hormone deficiency during the prenatal

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Hypothyroidism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-21-0050
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 1
Open access