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Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mancha Department of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
Department of Pathology, General University Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain

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Isabel Mancha-Doblas Department of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain

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María Molina-Vega Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
The Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain

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Diego Fernández-García Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain

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Ana María Gómez-Pérez Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
The Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain

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Elena Gallego-Domínguez Department of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain

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María Victoria Ortega-Jiménez Department of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain

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Isabel Hierro-Martín Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain

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Francisco J Tinahones Department of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
The Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain

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Introduction Clinical management of the thyroid nodules is based on a combination of clinical risk factors, functional status, ultrasound patterns, and cytologic findings when fine needle aspiration (FNA) is indicated ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5

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Research Article
Collections:
Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-24-0076
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Open access
Aglaia Kyrilli Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Nunzia Tacelli Department of Radiology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Lucia Russo Department of Medicine, DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy

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Laetitia Lebrun Department of Pathology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Isabelle Salmon Department of Pathology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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Gilles Russ Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors, Institute of Endocrinology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France

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Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, Brussels, Belgium

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Bernard Corvilain Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.)– Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, Belgium

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-TIRADS) classification and to evaluate their cytological and molecular aspect. Materials and Methods Patients and study design This is a single-centre, observational, prospective study performed between March 2018 and September 2021, on 901 patients aged ≥18

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0135
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 6
Open access
Tamas Solymosi Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinic, Bugat Hospital, Gyöngyös, Hungary
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Laszlo Hegedűs Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Steen J Bonnema Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Andrea Frasoldati Endocrinology Unit of Arcispedale S Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy

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Laszlo Jambor Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Zsolt Karanyi Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Gabor L Kovacs 1st Department of Medicine, Flohr Ferenc Hospital, Kistarcsa, Hungary

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Enrico Papini Regina Apostolorum Hospital in Albano, Rome, Italy

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Karoly Rucz 1st Department of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary

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Gilles Russ Unité Thyroïde et Tumeurs Endocrines – Pr Leenhardt Hôpital La Pitie Salpetriere, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

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Endre V Nagy Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Introduction For more than three decades, the cornerstones in the clinical management of patients with thyroid nodules have been ultrasound (US) and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Robust evidence demonstrates that the

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0134
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
M Grussendorf Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany

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I Ruschenburg MVZ Wagnerstibbe Center for Cytology and Pathology, Einbeck, Germany

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G Brabant Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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ultrasound (US) criteria and possibly fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), malignancy rates may be overestimated and will not necessarily reflect the chances of a nodule being first diagnosed by palpation or imaging methods. On the other hand, ROM may as

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0027
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 4
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Stamatina Ioakim CEDM, Centre of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Limassol, Cyprus
Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Akheel A Syed Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation & University Teaching Trust, Salford, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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George Zavros CEDM, Centre of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Limassol, Cyprus

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Michalis Picolos Alithias Endocrinology Centre, Nicosia, Cyprus

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Luca Persani Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy

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Angelos Kyriacou CEDM, Centre of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Limassol, Cyprus
Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation & University Teaching Trust, Salford, UK
Medical School, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus

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indicative of a benign nodule (U1–U2) should be regarded as reassuring not requiring fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), unless the patient has a statistically high risk of malignancy’. AACE, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists; ACE

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0163
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
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Laura Fugazzola Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Maurilio Deandrea Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department and Center for Thyroid Diseases, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy

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Stefano Borgato Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Marco Dell’Acqua Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Francesca Retta Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department and Center for Thyroid Diseases, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy

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Alberto Mormile Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department and Center for Thyroid Diseases, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy

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Chiara Carzaniga Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Giacomo Gazzano Pathology Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Gabriele Pogliaghi Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Marina Muzza Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Luca Persani Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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). According to the European Thyroid Association guidelines (ETA GLs) for image-guided ablation in benign thyroid nodules, one or two benign cytologic results are needed before the procedure, and the treatment is not recommended for nodules with high-risk US

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-24-0020
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
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Maria Mavromati Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland

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Essia Saiji Department of Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Marco Stefano Demarchi Department of Endocrine Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Vincent Lenoir Department of Radiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Amanda Seipel Department of Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Paulina Kuczma Department of Endocrine Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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François R Jornayvaz Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland

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Minerva Becker Department of Radiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Eugenio Fernandez Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Claudio De Vito Department of Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Frédéric Triponez Department of Endocrine Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva, Switzerland

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Sophie Leboulleux Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland

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with surgery, active surveillance, or local treatment, depending on the size of the nodule ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). Given the high rate of thyroid nodules, most of which are benign, to reduce fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and unnecessary surgery

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0114
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Volume 12: Issue 6
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Pi-Ling Chiang Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan

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Sheng-Dean Luo Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Yen-Hsiang Chang Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Chen-Kai Chou Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Shun-Yu Chi Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Departments of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Yi-Fan Chen Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan

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Wei-Che Lin Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Department of Radiology, Jen-Ai Hospital, Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

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practice, thyroid nodules are being discovered with increasing frequency. Thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most accurate test for determining malignancy and is an integral part of current thyroid nodule evaluation procedures ( 2

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0105
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Volume 12: Issue 6
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Alessia Cozzolino Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Tiziana Filardi Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Ilaria Simonelli Service of Medical Statistics and Information Technology, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, Rome, Italy
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

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Giorgio Grani Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Camilla Virili Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy

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Ilaria Stramazzo Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy

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Maria Giulia Santaguida Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Latina, Italy

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Pietro Locantore Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

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Massimo Maurici Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy

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Daniele Gianfrilli Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Andrea M Isidori Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Cosimo Durante Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Carlotta Pozza Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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on behalf of TALENT Group
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on behalf of TALENT Group

classification reporting US features in the transition age were selected. Inclusion criteria were (i) use of histology as a reference standard for the diagnosis of malignancy and histology or cytology as a reference standard for the diagnosis of benignity; (ii

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0039
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Volume 11: Issue 3
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Rui Guo Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Bowen Zheng Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Tao Wu Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Yufan Lian Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Tinghui Yin Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Yuting He Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Jingya Qin Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Zhicheng Yao Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Wen Xu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Jie Ren Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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-defined dominant nodules ( Fig. 1A , blue nodule), which were confirmed as Bethesda class II on cytology, with a largest diameter ≥20 mm and/or complaining of cosmetic or symptomatic problems; and (v) refusal or unable to undergo thyroidectomy due to underlying

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Goiter and thyroid nodules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0134
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