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Luigi Bartalena Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Endocrine Unit, Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy

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Lelio Baldeschi Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Saint Luc, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium

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Kostas Boboridis Ophthalmology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

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Anja Eckstein Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen

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George J. Kahaly Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Claudio Marcocci Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Petros Perros Department of Endocrinology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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Mario Salvi Graves' Orbitopathy Center, Endocrinology, Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

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Wilmar M. Wiersinga Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Introduction In 2008, EUGOGO published a consensus statement on the management of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) simultaneously in the European Journal of Endocrinology and in Thyroid [ 1 , 2 ]. The statement was received very well [ 3 ] and has

Article Type:
Guideline
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000443828
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 1
Free access
Giulia Masetti Thyroid Research Group, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
Computational Metagenomics, CIBIO Department, University of Trento, Trento, Italy

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Marian Ludgate Thyroid Research Group, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom

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), causing hyperthyroidism. About half of GD patients also have Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), in which cross-reacting autoimmune responses to thyroid/orbit shared antigens (notably the TSHR) lead to expansion of the orbital contents. The overproduction of

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000512255
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 1_Suppl
Free access
Elena Sabini Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Marenza Leo Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Barbara Mazzi Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Roberto Rocchi Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Francesco Latrofa Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Marco Nardi Ophthalmopathy Unit I, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Paolo Vitti Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Claudio Marcocci Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Michele Marinò Endocrinology Units, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Introduction Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a disfiguring and disabling disease that profoundly impairs the quality of life of affected patients [ 1 - 4 ]. The natural history of GO is characterized by an initial phase in which signs and symptoms

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000477803
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 5
Free access
C. Daumerie Departments of Endocrinology, Université catholique de Louvain, University Hospital St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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A. Boschi Departments of Ophthalmology, Université catholique de Louvain, University Hospital St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium

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P. Perros Department of Endocrinology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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What Is Known So Far on This Topic? • Hypothyroidism is thought to have a detrimental effect on Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), though it is unclear whether this is mediated by TSH or the hypothyroid state. • A possible association between

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000338038
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 2
Free access
Elena Sabini Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Units, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Ilaria Ionni Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Units, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Roberto Rocchi Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Units, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Paolo Vitti Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Units, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Claudio Marcocci Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Units, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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Michele Marinò Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Units, University of Pisa and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

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What Is Known about This Topic? Graves’ orbitopathy is believed to be the consequence of autoimmunity against antigens present both in the thyroid and in orbital tissues. Massive release of thyroid antigens causes the appearance or

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000479629
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 1
Free access
Luigi Bartalena Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Introduction Management of Graves' orbitopathy (GO), the most important extrathyroidal expression of Graves' disease, remains a major challenge and dilemma [ 1 ]. Available therapies are largely imperfect, and a large proportion of patients

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000356042
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 4
Free access
Murat Faik Erdoğan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Özgür Demir Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Reyhan Ünlü Ersoy Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Kamile Gül Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Berna İmge Aydoğan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Ziynet Alphan Üç Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Türkan Mete Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Sibel Ertek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ufuk University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Uğur Ünlütürk Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Bekir Çakır Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Yalçın Aral Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Serdar Güler Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Sevim Güllü Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Demet Çorapçıoğlu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ankara University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Selçuk Dağdelen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Hacettepe University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Gürbüz Erdoğan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ufuk University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

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Introduction Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a devastating and disfiguring disease affecting appearance and functioning of the eyes and thus profoundly impairing the quality of life of affected individuals [ 1 ]. GO is an autoimmune disorder, but

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000444796
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 2
Free access
Elena Hoppe Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
Department of Paediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Alan Chun Hong Lee Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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David Hoppe Department of Psychology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

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George J. Kahaly Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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prolonged therapy required for GO incur tremendous indirect and direct costs [ 12 ]. The European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) recommends the evaluation of QoL and psychological well-being by means of the GO-QoL questionnaire as an integral part

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000508071
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 6
Free access
Luigi Bartalena Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Wilmar M. Wiersinga Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Introduction Ever since the report of Lord Brain in 1955, glucocorticoids have been the mainstay in the medical treatment of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) [ 1 ]. Intravenous glucocorticoid (IVGC) therapy is much more efficacious than placebo [ 2

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000510700
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 1_Suppl
Free access
Liyun Shen Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Lei Ye Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Wei Zhu Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Qin Jiao Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Yulin Zhou Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Shu Wang Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Weiqing Wang Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Guang Ning Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Introduction Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is the most common orbital disease in adults, which greatly affects patients’ quality of life ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Although bioagents such as teprotumumab showed a promising new paradigm in GO treatment ( 4

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0017
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 5
Open access