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Mario Rotondi Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., ISPESL Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors and Chair of Endocrinology, University of Pavia, Pavia

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Maria Grazia Castagna Departments of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Siena

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Carlo Cappelli Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

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Cristina Ciuoli Departments of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Siena

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Francesca Coperchini Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., ISPESL Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors and Chair of Endocrinology, University of Pavia, Pavia

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Francesco Chiofalo Departments of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Siena

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Fabio Maino Departments of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Siena

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Paola Palmitesta Departments of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, University of Siena, Siena

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Luca Chiovato Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri I.R.C.C.S., ISPESL Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors and Chair of Endocrinology, University of Pavia, Pavia

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Furio Pacini Departments of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Siena

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Background: A possible impact of obesity on the risk of thyroid cancer has been postulated in some studies, but it remains controversial. Objective: To investigate the association between obesity and differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a population of unselected patients subjected to fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for thyroid nodules. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the results of FNAC of thyroid nodules in 4,849 patients (3,809 females and 1,040 males; mean age 55.9 ± 14.1 years). Patients were stratified according to their body mass index (BMI). There were 1,876 (38.7%) normal-weight patients (BMI 18-24.9), 1,758 (36.2%) overweight (BMI 25-29.9), 662 (13.7%) grade 1 obese (BMI 30-34.9), 310 (6.4%) grade 2 obese (BMI 35-39.9) and 243 (5.0%) grade 3 obese (BMI >40). Results: The prevalence of suspicious or malignant nodules (Thy4/Thy5) did not differ across the 5 BMI groups, i.e. it was 6.8% in normal-weight patients, 6.3% in overweight patients, 6.3% in grade 1 obese patients, 4.0% in grade 2 obese patients and 4.2% in grade 3 obese patients (p = 0.29). The prevalence of Thy4/Thy5 nodules did not differ when males and females were evaluated separately (p = 0.22 and p = 0.12, respectively). A significant, lower rate of Thy4/5 cytology was observed in female patients with grade 2-3 obesity (odds ratio 0.51; 95% confidence interval 0.284-0.920; p = 0.009). Conclusions: The results of this study, in a retrospective series of patients with thyroid nodules, do not confirm previous findings reporting an association between obesity and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Thus, obese patients with nodular thyroid disease should be managed the same as normal-weight patients.

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000445054
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 2
Free access
Pedro Weslley Souza Rosario Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

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Gabriela Franco Mourão Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

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Maria Regina Calsolari Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

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disease). Additionally, when the normal range obtained for adults is used, a discrete elevation of TSH can be seen in older adults (>70 years) [ 2 , 5 ]. Morbidly obese individuals may also exhibit discretely elevated TSH [ 2 , 6 ]. Elevated TSH can also

Article Type:
Letter
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000441416
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 4
Free access
Peter Laurberg Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg

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Nils Knudsen Medical Clinic I, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Stig Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg

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Allan Carlé Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg

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Inge Bülow Pedersen Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg

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Jesper Karmisholt Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg

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, but considerably different in some details. Obesity and Pituitary-Thyroid Activation Thyroid function tests in people who are morbidly obese may differ from those in a comparable group of lean people, with a serum TSH that is higher in the

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000342994
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 3
Free access
Muhammed Erkam Sencar Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Davut Sakiz Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Murat Calapkulu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Sema Hepsen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Muhammed Kizilgul Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Ilknur Unsal Ozturk Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Bekir Ucan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Murat Bayram Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Busra Betul Cagir Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Safak Akin Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Mustafa Ozbek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Erman Cakal Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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. Neuroendocrinology . 1995 Aug ; 62 ( 2 ): 130 – 4 . 10.1159/000126997 8584112 0028-3835 23 MacCuish A , Razvi S , Syed AA . Effect of weight loss after gastric bypass surgery on thyroid function in euthyroid people with morbid obesity . Clin

Article Type:
Other
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000501895
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Free access
Laura P.B. Elbers Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
Departments of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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Hjalmar A. Boon Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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Maaike I. Moes Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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Bregje van Zaane Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
Departments of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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Dees P.M. Brandjes Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
Departments of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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Eric Fliers Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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Harry R. Büller Departments of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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Suzanne Cannegieter Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center
Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Victor E.A. Gerdes Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
Departments of Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam

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. [ 8 ] was 17.7 pmol/l, and in the MEGA Study [ 1 ], which was a large case-control study investigating risk factors for VTE, the median FT 4 level was 16.6 pmol/l in the controls. The literature about the association between (morbid) obesity and

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000446431
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 2
Open access
María de los Ángeles Garayalde Gamboa Service of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Buenos Aires British Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Melina Saban Service of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Buenos Aires British Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Marina Ines Curriá Service of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nutrition, and Diabetes, Buenos Aires British Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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, Magalhães D , et al. The Effect of the Bariatric Surgery Type on the Levothyroxine Dose of Morbidly Obese Hypothyroid Patients . Obes Surg . 2018 Nov ; 28 ( 11 ): 3538 – 43 . 10.1007/s11695-018-3388-4 30008061 0960-8923 16 Azran C

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000503324
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Free access
Tilman Witte The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, N.H., USA
Institute for Community Medicine, Greifswald, Germany

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Henry Völzke Institute for Community Medicine, Greifswald, Germany

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Markus M. Lerch Departments of Medicine A, Greifswald, Germany

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Katrin Hegenscheid Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Greifswald, Germany

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Nele Friedrich Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Greifswald School of Medicine, Greifswald, Germany

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Till Ittermann Institute for Community Medicine, Greifswald, Germany

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John A. Batsis The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, N.H., USA
Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, N.H., USA

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G, Ferrannini E: Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: Effects of weight loss. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009;33:1001-1006; erratum Int J Obes (Lond) 2010

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000450977
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 1
Free access
Eyun Song Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Jonghwa Ahn Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Hye-Seon Oh Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Min Ji Jeon Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Won Gu Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Won Bae Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Young Kee Shong Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Tae Yong Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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TSH levels in patients with morbid obesity: is it enough to diagnose subclinical hypothyroidism? Eur J Endocrinol . 2009 Mar ; 160 ( 3 ): 403 – 8 . 10.1530/EJE-08-0734 19073832 0804-4643 17 Haas V , Onur S , Paul T , Nutzinger

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000499961
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 4
Free access
Laura Croce Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy
Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Fausta Beneventi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Federica Ripepi Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Irene De Maggio Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Alberto Malovini Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Informatics and Systems Engineering for Clinical Research, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Camilla Bellingeri Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Francesca Coperchini Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Marsida Teliti Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy
Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Mario Rotondi Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy
Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Arsenio Spinillo Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy

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Flavia Magri Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy
Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy

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iodine deficiency ( 13 ). Moreover, patients living with morbid obesity frequently experience a raised serum TSH, in the absence of positivity for thyroid autoantibodies and/or abnormal findings at thyroid ultrasound ( 14 ). The physiopathology and

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid and reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-23-0213
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 2
Open access
Jan Jiskra 3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

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Jiří Horáček 4th Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic

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Sylvie Špitálníková Department of Nuclear Medicine, District Hospital, Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic

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Jan Paleček 3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

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Zdeňka Límanová 3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

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Jan Krátký 3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

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Drahomíra Springer Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

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Kristýna Žabková 3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

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Hana Vítková 3rd Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

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, history of pregnancy loss, preterm delivery, or infertility, multiple prior pregnancies, family history of autoimmune thyroid disease or thyroid dysfunction, morbid obesity (BMI ≥40 kg/m 2 ), use of amiodarone or lithium, or recent administration of

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid and reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-21-0011
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access