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Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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is hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction, named secondary or central CH (CH-C) [ 1 ]. Early detection and treatment of CH prevent neurodevelopmental disabilities. Therefore, CH has been included in many newborn screening (NBS) programs worldwide since
Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Disorders, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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) concentration in combination with an increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration, while central CH is characterized by a low T4 concentration and a normal, decreased, or slightly elevated TSH concentration ( 1 ). The Dutch newborn screening (NBS
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Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Introduction The newborn screening programme for CH was introduced in the UK in 1981 [ 1 , 2 ] and has virtually abolished cases of untreated congenital hypothyroidism (CH). CH is a common (1 in 3,000-4,000 live births) condition [ 3 , 4 ] in
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Regional Center for Newborn Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic and Endocrinological Diseases, Verona, Italy
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Pediatric Section, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Regional Center for Newborn Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Metabolic and Endocrinological Diseases, Verona, Italy
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Pediatric Section, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Regional Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Children and Adolescents Rare Skeletal Disorders, Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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treatment lead to a false negative newborn screening result for CH, delaying the necessary replacement therapy? In particular, to avoid the latest, some authors have suggested to perform serum thyroid function tests between 15 and 30 days of life in all
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The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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benefit of performing TFT in addition to the newborn screening ( 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ), whereas others have shown that the TFT are essential ( 3 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ). In our neonatal department, the clinical practice is to perform
Pediatric Department B, Ha’Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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GGA – Galil Genetic Analysis Laboratory Ltd., Kazerin, Israel
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Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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at the Pediatric Endocrinology Institute, Ha’Emek Medical Center. The diagnosis of CH was based on abnormal thyroid function at birth; most patients were identified by the National Thyroid Newborn Screening Program. The etiology of the CH was
ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
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ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
ACMP5 – Associação Centro de Medicina P5 (P5), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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ICVS/3B’s, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
Clinical Academic Center-Braga (2CA-B), Braga, Portugal
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Objectives
Over 1.9 billion people worldwide are living in areas estimated to be iodine insufficient. Strategies for iodine supplementation include campaigns targeting vulnerable groups, such as women in pre-conception, pregnancy and lactation. Portuguese women of childbearing age and pregnant women were shown to be mildly-to-moderately iodine deficient. As a response, in 2013, the National Health Authority (NHA) issued a recommendation that all women considering pregnancy, pregnant or breastfeeding, take a daily supplement of 150–200 μg iodine. This study explored how the iodine supplementation recommendation has been fulfilled among pregnant and lactating women in Portugal, and whether the reported iodine supplements intake impacted on adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
Design and methods
Observational retrospective study on pregnant women who delivered or had a fetal loss in the Braga Hospital and had their pregnancies followed in Family Health Units.
Results
The use of iodine supplements increased from 25% before the recommendation to 81% after the recommendation. This was mostly due to an increase in the use of supplements containing iodine only. Iodine supplementation was protective for the number of adverse obstetric outcomes (odds ratio (OR) = 0.791, P = 0.018) and for neonatal morbidities (OR = 0.528, P = 0.024) after controlling for relevant confounding variables.
Conclusion
The recommendation seems to have succeeded in implementing iodine supplementation during pregnancy. National prospective studies are now needed to evaluate the impact of iodine supplementation on maternal thyroid homeostasis and offspring psychomotor development and on whether the time of the beginning of iodine supplementation (how early during preconception or pregnancy) is relevant to consider.
Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Introduction Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an inborn disorder of the endocrine system with potentially severe health consequences for the affected individual and was the second disorder to be included in the national newborn screening (NBS
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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%) than TCH (26%). CH, congenital hypothyroidism; LT4, l -thyroxine; PCH, permanent CH; PHT, persistent hyperthyrotropinemia; TCH, transient CH. Diagnosis of primary CH was based on the national newborn screening program implemented in December
Department of Paediatrics, Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
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-stimulating hormone elevation on newborn screening. J Pediatr 2014; 164: 846–854. 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.11.057 24412140 10 Vade A, Gottschalk ME, Yetter EM, Subbaiah P: Sonographic measurements of the neonatal thyroid gland. J Ultrasound Med 1997; 16: 395