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Tanja Diana Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Christian Wüster Endocrine Laboratory Prof. Wüster, Mainz, Germany

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Paul D. Olivo Department of Microbiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

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Angelica Unterrainer Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Jochem König Endocrine Laboratory Prof. Wüster, Mainz, Germany

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Michael Kanitz Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Artur Bossowski Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Medical University of Byalistok, Bialystok, Poland

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Brigitte Decallonne Division of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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George J. Kahaly Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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manifestations of Graves’ disease (GD) and are specific biomarkers [ 6 - 10 ] of this autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). On the other hand, TSHR blocking Ab (TBAb) can also be found in AITD patients and may contribute to the hypothyroidism or atypical Hashimoto

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Sander Barnhoorn Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Marcel E Meima Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Robin P Peeters Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Veerle M Darras Laboratory of Comparative Endocrinology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Selmar Leeuwenburgh Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Jan H J Hoeijmakers Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease, CECAD Research Centre, Cologne, Germany

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Wilbert P Vermeij Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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W Edward Visser Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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thyroid hormone-activating type 1 deiodinase (DIO1) and increased activity of thyroid hormone-inactivating DIO3 ( 24 ). It has been reported that, under certain conditions, DIO3 changes in a cell-specific manner without affecting systemic thyroid state

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Giorgio Grani Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Livia Lamartina Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Valeria Ramundo Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Rosa Falcone Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Cristiano Lomonaco Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Laura Ciotti Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Martina Barone Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Marianna Maranghi Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Vito Cantisani Diagnostic and Ultrasound Innovations Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Sebastiano Filetti Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Cosimo Durante Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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ratio threshold for TTW nodules might improve the specificity of risk stratification systems in ruling out malignancy and, in particular, in pinpointing nodules for which FNAC can safely be deferred. The study described below was undertaken to explore

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Lara Gut Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Selina Bernet Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Monika Huembelin Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Magdalena Mueller Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Ciril Baechli Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Daniel Koch Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Christian Nebiker Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Philipp Schuetz Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Beat Mueller Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

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Emanuel Christ Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Fahim Ebrahimi Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

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Alexander Kutz Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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results. Some studies revealed poorer outcomes in male patients [ 7 , 22 , 23 ], while others contradict these results [ 14 , 24 ]. However, underlying reasons for potential sex-specific differences remain poorly understood so far. Hence, the aim of

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Massimo Giusti Endocrine Unit, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

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Stefano Gay Endocrine Unit, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

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Lucia Conte Endocrine Unit, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

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Francesca Cecoli Endocrine Unit, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy

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Lorenzo Mortara Endocrine Unit, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy

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Lara Vera Endocrine Unit, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy

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Eleonora Monti Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

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. Since 2009, the patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure for benign thyroid disorders (ThyPRO), a specific inventory validated for the assessment of QoL in patients with thyroid disease, has been available in several languages, including Italian [ 14

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Sofie Larsen Rasmussen Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen

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Lars Rejnmark Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Eva Ebbehøj Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen

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Åse Krogh Rasmussen Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen

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Jakob Bue Bjorner QualityMetric (an Optum Company), Lincoln, R.I., USA

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Torquil Watt Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen

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-based questionnaires: the future in epidemiology? Am J Epidemiol 2010;172:1292-1298. 10.1093/aje/kwq291 20880962 4 Watt T, Bjorner JB, Groenvold M, Rasmussen AK, Bonnema SJ, Hegedus L, et al: Establishing construct validity for the thyroid-specific patient

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Lan Wu State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

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Salvatore Vaccarella International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France

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Chen-Yang Feng Information Technology Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

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Luigino Dal Maso Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy

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Yu Chen State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

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Wei-Wei Liu Department of Head and Neck, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

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Miao-Bian Liang State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

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Zike Zhang Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

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Jun Yang School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China

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Su-Mei Cao State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

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Mengmeng Li State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

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the cause-specific hazard models instead of subdistribution hazard models, considering that the regression coefficients from the former models can be interpreted as the effect of the risk factors on the relative increase in mortality rates, which is

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Lei Xu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Junling Gao Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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Quan Wang Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China

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Jichao Yin Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Pengfei Yu Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Bin Bai Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Ruixia Pei Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Dingzhang Chen Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Guochun Yang Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Shiqi Wang Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Mingxi Wan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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constructed. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and AUC with 95% CI were calculated using the bivariate model. Meta-regression analysis was not conducted, due to the small number of included studies. Publication bias was

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Francesca Carlomagno Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare L. Califano, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italia

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numbered GFRα1–4, each binding preferentially one of the four different GFLs. RET binding to any GFL-GFRα complex induces receptor dimerization, which in turn triggers transphosphorylation of specific tyrosine (Y) residues located in the tyrosine kinase

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Claudia Matta-Coelho Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal

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Joana Simões-Pereira Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

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Helena Vilar Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal

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Valeriano Leite Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

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fractures. Cause-specific survival was defined in patients who had a known cause of death from thyroid cancer. This was evaluated from primary treatment to death or the last follow-up date. The clinical data were extracted from medical records. The study was

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