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Aly Bernard Khalil Imperial College London Diabetes Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Roberto Dina Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom

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Karim Meeran Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom

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Ali M. Bakir Imperial College London Diabetes Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Saf Naqvi Imperial College London Diabetes Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Alia Al Tikritti Imperial College London Diabetes Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Nader Lessan Imperial College London Diabetes Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Maha T. Barakat Imperial College London Diabetes Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

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Introduction The prevalence of thyroid nodules is population dependent and increases with age and with the use of thyroid ultrasonography (US). It is estimated to be 2–6% with palpation, 19–68% with US, and 8–65% in autopsy specimens [ 1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000484600
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 1
Free access
Sravanthi Nagavalli Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Torrance, CA, USA

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Marelle Yehuda Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Torrance, CA, USA

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Laron W. McPhaul Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA

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Andrew G. Gianoukakis Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Torrance, CA, USA

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What Is Known about This Topic? • Cervical schwannomas can mimic thyroid nodules and are historically difficult to diagnosis preoperatively due to the low diagnostic yield of fine needle aspiration and their appearance as hypoechoic lesions on

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000454877
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 4
Free access
Lei Xu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Junling Gao Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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Quan Wang Laboratory of Surgical Oncology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China

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Jichao Yin Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Pengfei Yu Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Bin Bai Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Ruixia Pei Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Dingzhang Chen Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Guochun Yang Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China

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Shiqi Wang Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China

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Mingxi Wan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China

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Introduction With the development of imaging techniques and popularized medical surveillance, more thyroid nodules are detected [ 1 , 2 ]. Among the general population, the incidence of thyroid nodules ranges from 19 to 68% [ 3 ], and 9

Article Type:
Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000504390
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 4
Free access
Bülent Öcal Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Mehmet Hakan Korkmaz Department of Otolaryngology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey

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Demet Yılmazer Department of Pathology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Tuğba Taşkın Türkmenoğlu Department of Pathology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Ömer Bayır Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Güleser Saylam Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Emel Çadallı Tatar Department of Otolaryngology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Sevilay Karahan Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

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Erman Çakal Department of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Introduction The estimated prevalence of thyroid nodules in an adult population is 4–7% by palpation and 10–41% by ultrasound (US) scanning [ 1 , 2 ]. The overall malignancy risk, regardless of nodule size, is < 10%, and even smaller nodules

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000494720
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 2
Free access
Roberto Negro Division of Endocrinology, “V. Fazzi” Hospital, Lecce

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Roberto Attanasio Endocrinology Service, Galeazzi Institute IRCCS, Milan

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Franco Grimaldi Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “S. Maria della Misericordia,” Udine

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Andrea Frasoldati Division of Endocrinology, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia

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Rinaldo Guglielmi Department of Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, Italy

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Enrico Papini Department of Endocrinology, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano Laziale, Italy

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Introduction Thyroid nodules are the most frequent endocrine disease. Palpable thyroid nodules occur with a prevalence of approximately 5% in women and 1% in men, but thyroid nodules are detectable by ultrasound (US) in up to 70% of randomly

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000453032
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 2
Free access
Alexander Gorshtein Endocrine Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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Ilana Slutzky-Shraga Endocrine Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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Eyal Robenshtok Endocrine Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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Carlos Benbassat Endocrine Institute, Shamir Medical Center (Formerly Assaf Harofeh Medical Center), Beer Yaakov, Israel
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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Dania Hirsch Endocrine Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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FNA and surgery [ 2 - 4 ]. In recent years, various molecular diagnostic tests have been implemented, aiming to improve the preoperative evaluation of ROM in cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules and to prevent unnecessary thyroidectomies [ 5

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000509037
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 2
Free access
Enrico Papini Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Rome, Italy

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Hervé Monpeyssen Thyroid Unit, American Hospital, Paris, France

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Andrea Frasoldati Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova IRCCS-ASL, Reggio Emilia, Italy

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Laszlo Hegedüs Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Scope of the Document Thyroid nodules are common in the adult population with a prevalence at ultrasound (US) examination of up to 50% in adult females and 30% in males [ 1 - 3 ]. Most lesions are cytologically benign and neither cause local

Article Type:
Guideline
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000508484
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 4
Free access
Gilles Russ Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors, Institute of Endocrinology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France

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Steen J. Bonnema Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Murat Faik Erdogan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Ankara School of Medicine, İbni Sina Hastanesi, Ankara, Turkey

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Cosimo Durante Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

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Rose Ngu Head Neck and Thyroid Imaging, Department of Radiology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom

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Laurence Leenhardt Thyroid and Endocrine Tumors, Institute of Endocrinology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France

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Background and Objectives Purpose of Thyroid Nodule Risk Stratification The majority of thyroid nodules are incidental findings of asymptomatic, benign lesions discovered by imaging examinations for reasons unrelated to the thyroid [ 1

Article Type:
Guideline
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000478927
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 5
Free access
Massimiliano Andrioli Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano

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Chiara Carzaniga Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano

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Luca Persani Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, San Luca Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano
Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy

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Introduction Nodular thyroid disease is a common finding, especially in females and in the elderly population. Thyroid nodules are found in 5% of the general population with the use of palpation [ 1 ], but high-resolution ultrasonography (US

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000347144
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 1
Free access
Kassia B. Reuters Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Maria C.O.C. Mamone Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Elsa S. Ikejiri Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Cleber P. Camacho Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Claudia C.D. Nakabashi Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Carolina C.P.S. Janovsky Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Ji H. Yang Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Danielle M. Andreoni Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rosalia Padovani Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rui M.B. Maciel Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Fleury Medicina e Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil

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Felipe A.B. Vanderlei Head and Neck Division, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rosa P.M. Biscolla Thyroid Diseases Center and Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Fleury Medicina e Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil

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Introduction Epidemiological studies show that thyroid nodules are palpable in approximately 5% of women and 1% of men living in iodine-sufficient areas [ 1 - 3 ]. Using thyroid ultrasonography (US), this prevalence increases to 19–67%, with a

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000488104
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 3
Free access