gland ( 1 , 2 ). Current treatment options for patients with Graves’ hyperthyroidism include antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, and surgery ( 1 , 3 , 4 ). Although geographical difference exists, ATD is the preferred first
Meihua Jin, Ahreum Jang, Chae A Kim, Tae Young Kim, Won Bae Kim, Young Kee Shong, Min Ji Jeon, and Won Gu Kim
Jonah Robinson, Max Richardson, Janis Hickey, Andy James, Simon H. Pearce, Steve G. Ball, Richard Quinton, Margaret Morris, Margaret Miller, and Petros Perros
Introduction Hyperthyroidism affects approximately 1% of the adult population [ 1 , 2 ]. Antithyroid drugs are commonly used to control hyperthyroidism [ 3 , 4 ]. Assuming an incidence of Graves' disease in Europe of 21/100,000 per year [ 5
Spiros Karras and Gerasimos E. Krassas
Graves’ disease (GD) can occur during the postpartum period, as a relapse of previous GD or a newly diagnosed case with no apparent thyroid disease background. In this case, antithyroid drugs (ATD) are considered the treatment of choice by most
Pei-Wen Wang, I-Ya Chen, Suh-Hang Hank Juo, Edward Hsi, Rue-Tsuan Liu, and Ching-Jung Hsieh
Introduction For patients with Graves’ disease (GD), there are three choices of treatment, none of which is perfect. The primary goal of antithyroid drug therapy is to temporarily restore the patient to the euthyroid state while awaiting a
Hirotoshi Nakamura, Akane Ide, Takumi Kudo, Eijun Nishihara, Mitsuru Ito, and Akira Miyauchi
Introduction Agranulocytosis (AG) is one of the most serious complications of antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy for Graves' disease. It is rare, but if its discovery is delayed and severe infection develops, a lethal outcome can happen [ 1 ]. In
Shakeel Kautbally, Orsalia Alexopoulou, Chantal Daumerie, François Jamar, Michel Mourad, and Dominique Maiter
second-line treatments, at least in Europe, in case of unsuccessful therapy with antithyroid drugs (ATD), disease relapse, or drug intolerance [ 1 ]. Surgery should consist of a near total thyroidectomy (TTx), which leads to a reduced risk of relapse, as
Sun Mi Park, Yoon Young Cho, Ji Young Joung, Seo Young Sohn, Sun Wook Kim, and Jae Hoon Chung
Introduction As antithyroid drugs (ATD) still remain the preferred modality of treatment for Graves' disease [ 1 , 2 ], clinical competence and appropriate management taking into account an array of clinical and laboratory features related to
Hiroyuki Iwaki, Kenji Ohba, Eisaku Okada, Takeshi Murakoshi, Yumiko Kashiwabara, Chiga Hayashi, Akio Matsushita, Shigekazu Sasaki, Takafumi Suda, Yutaka Oki, and Rieko Gemma
Introduction Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) are the mainstay of medical treatment for Graves’ hyperthyroidism, occurring in approximately 0.2% during pregnancy [ 1 ]. All ATDs tend to be more potent in the fetus than in the mother [ 2 - 4 ]. ATD
Suvi Turunen, Marja Vääräsmäki, Maarit Leinonen, Mika Gissler, Tuija Männistö, and Eila Suvanto
the potential benefits outweigh the potential harms [ 2 ]. Current American and European guidelines recommend treating overt maternal hypothyroidism with levothyroxine (LT4) and overt hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) including
John H. Lazarus
, complications in pregnancy and fetal and neonatal adverse effects. Even if the mother is on antithyroid drugs, the fetus may develop hypothyroidism or goitre and the neonate may have transient hyperthyroidism. If the mother has previously been treated with
