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Temesgen Muche Ewunie Department of Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia

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Robel Hussen Kabthymer Department of Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia

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Samrawit Hailu Department of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia

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Moges Mareg Department of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia

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Tesfa Mengie Amhara Regional Health Bureau, CDC Project Zonal Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, Dessie, Ethiopia

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Daniel Sisay Epidemiology-Biostatistics Unit, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia

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Getachew Arage Department of School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia

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, are among the vulnerable groups and are estimated to have insufficient intake of iodine from the total school-age children, 58 million of them are living in African ( 11 ). The global control of iodine deficiency through a universal salt iodization

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Catarina Senra Moniz Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Portugal

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Rita Carvalho Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Portugal

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Susana Prazeres Laboratory of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa de Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal

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Edward Limbert Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa de Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal

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Inês Mendes Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Portugal

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Rui César Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Ponta Delgada, Portugal

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recommend salt iodination as a safe, cost-effective, and sustainable strategy to meet iodine requirements [ 6 ], and a recent Cochrane review validated this upon showing that supplementation with iodized salt (IS) was an efficient way to improve iodine

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inexpensively be prevented by iodine fortification, usually by provision of iodized salt. More specifically, iodized salt should replace non-iodized salt in nearly all food production, at least in areas where fortification would not increase risk of excessive

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Rodrigo Moreno-Reyes Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, and Faculty of Ηealth and Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Centre of Translational Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Warsaw, Poland: Basic Lead of the European Society of Endocrinology Focus Area on Thyroid

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Adriana Gaspar da Rocha Public Health Unit, ULS Baixo Mondego, Figueira da Foz, Portugal Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal Health Investigation and Innovation Institute (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Corin Badiu National Institute of Endocrinology "C. Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania

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Josef Köhrle Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Experimentelle Endokrinologie, Berlin, Germany: Co-Lead of the European Society of Endocrinology Focus Area on Environmental Endocrinology

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Leonidas Duntas Evgenideion Hospital, Unit of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

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human health, specifically iodine forms (iodide, iodate) which are present in iodized salts, food supplements, and nutrients ( 2 ). Iodine, which has the chemical symbol I, is an essential trace element that occurs naturally in seawater, seaweed, fish

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Peter P.A. Smyth School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

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recommend increasing iodine intake from 150 µg to 250 µg in pregnant mothers [ 4 , 5 ]. Under iodine replete conditions, this requirement can usually be met from normal foodstuffs, particularly if salt is iodized. However, as salt iodization is not always

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Stine Linding Andersen Departments of Endocrinology, Aalborg, Denmark
Departments of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

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Peter Laurberg Departments of Endocrinology, Aalborg, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

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achieving adequate iodine intake in populations is that salt iodization is the key strategy [ 5 ]. Supplements should only be the solution when salt iodization fails. This is in line with the general recommendations given by Geoffrey Rose [ 36 ] when

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Juan Bernal
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Granada. He completed his doctoral thesis on the administration of iodized salt in the iodine-deficient region of Alpujarras under the mentorship of Prof. Ortiz de Landazuri. From then on, his scientific career has been inseparable from that of his wife

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Ferenc Péter Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, St. John's Hospital and United Hospitals of North-Buda, Buda Children's Hospital, Budapest, Slovakia

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Jan Podoba Department of Endocrinology, Slovak Medical University and St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia

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Ágota Muzsnai Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, St. John's Hospital and United Hospitals of North-Buda, Buda Children's Hospital, Budapest, Slovakia

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Dear Editor, Insufficient iodine nutrition is still an existing problem in some European countries [ 1 ]; however, the incidence of iodine deficiency has decreased during the last few decades. To prevent endemic goiter, a national iodization

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Gabriella Morreale de Escobar CSIC/Fac. Med. UAM, Madrid, Spain

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gestation. This simply requires substituting all household salt, and that available to domestic animals, with iodized salt, containing 1.34 μg KI/kg salt. The misnamed ‘sporadic' cretins, on the other hand, identified by neonatal screening programs

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Yiyun Cui Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Jinlong Chen Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Rui Guo Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Ruize Yang Department of Public Health, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Dandan Chen Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Wei Gu Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Francis Manyori Bigambo School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Xu Wang Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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. ATD had been gradually reduced to the maintenance dose. Level of TRAb had been negative for three consecutive examinations. Children with GD were followed up for medication use, passive smoking, non-iodized diet during medication and

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