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NOVA Medical School
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. Electrochemotherapy as palliative treatment in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma . Braz J Otorhinolaryngol . 2016 May-Jun ; 82 ( 3 ): 285 – 8 . 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.05.008 26601999 1808-8686 3 Lenzi R , Muscatello L , Saibene AM
Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
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Neuroendocrine Department, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
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Neuroendocrine Department, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
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Neuroendocrine Department, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
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Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
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Endocrine Surgery Department, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
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Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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Neuroendocrine Department, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia
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, Inzucchi SE: Papillary thyroid carcinoma metastatic to the pituitary gland. Thyroid 1999;9:1023–1027. 10.1089/thy.1999.9.1023 10560958 20 Bell CD, Kovacs K, Horvath E, Smythe H, Asa S: Papillary carcinoma of thyroid metastatic to the pituitary gland
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Graphical abstract
Abstract
Background
Thyroid carcinoma (TC) incidence increased over the past 50 years. The explanation for this is not consensual.
Objective
Compare incidental vs non-incidental TC (ITC vs NITC) regarding demographic, clinical, histological data and 5-year clinical outcomes.
Design
Retrospective analysis of 225 papillary TC (PTC) cases that completed a 5-year follow-up.
Methods
Created 2 groups: ITC (including the incidentalomas) and NITC (cases of palpable or visible nodules or with thyroid compressive complaints).
Results
Included 225 PTC (122 were ITC). There were 95 women in ITC and 78 in NITC. ITC patients were significantly older (53.3 ± 14.8 vs 47.2 ± 17.7, P = 0.006). Groups had no differences in family history of TC. ITC mean tumour size was smaller (19.1 ± 9.2 vs 28.6 ± 16.2, P < 0.01). Tumours > 20 mm comprised 36.1% of ITC and 58.2% of NITC. We found no differences in tumour multifocality, histological thyroiditis, aggressive PTC subtypes, capsule or lymph-vascular invasion and gross extrathyroidal extension. There were no differences regarding the number of patients submitted to RAI or in RAI activity. pTMN staging showed higher prevalence of T3a and T4 cases (P < 0.01), and M1 status (P = 0.025) in NITC. There were no differences in the rates of persistence of disease. Logistic regression showed that the diagnostic modality had no impact on the 5-year clinical outcome.
Conclusion
ITC patients were older and had smaller tumours. NITC showed no worst histological features or 5-year clinical outcome. Approximately, one third of ITC had diameters > 20 mm. As even large tumours can be ITC, overdiagnosis is the most likely cause of increasing incidence of TC.
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thyroid tissue lay between the cysts. The cysts were lined with papillary carcinoma cells, and the small solid lesion showed conventional papillary carcinoma with a papillary structure and desmoplastic change. Metastatic papillary carcinomas that were seen
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incidence at age 30-39 is about the same as the incidence in those over 80. The great majority of thyroid carcinomas are papillary in type. This analysis is primarily concerned with papillary carcinoma, although the main conclusions on age of origin will
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Institute of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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common endocrine tumour in children, representing 0.5-3% of all malignant diseases in children. Of all TC, papillary carcinoma accounts for 70-80% and follicular carcinoma represents 16-20% [ 3 ]. Differentiated TC varies by its clinical presentation
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serial control CT examinations. She had no prior radiotherapy nor a familial thyroid disease context. The patient reported a previous history of well-differentiated pT1b N0 M0 R0 papillary carcinoma of lower left thyroid lobe, treated by total
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-Lacave I, Miralles-Sanchez EJ, Villar JL: Concurrence of a symptomatic encapsulated follicular carcinoma, an occult papillary carcinoma and a medullary carcinoma in the same patient. Histopathology 1992;21:380-382. 10.1111/j.1365-2559.1992.tb00412.x 1398541
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Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal
Nova Medical School: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Background
Treatment of advanced follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is based primarily on indirect evidence obtained with multikinase inhibitors (MKI) in clinical trials in which papillary carcinomas represent the vast majority of cases. However, it should be noted that MKI have a non-negligible toxicity that may decrease the patient’s quality of life. Conventional chemotherapy with GEMOX (gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin) is an off-label therapy, which seems to have some effectiveness in advanced differentiated thyroid carcinomas, with a good safety profile, although further studies are needed.
Case report
We report a case of a metastatic FTC, resistant to several lines of therapy. However, with a durable response to GEMOX, the overall survival of our patient appears to have been extended significantly due to this chemotherapy.
Conclusion
GEMOX may have a role in patients with thyroid cancer unresponsive to MKI.
Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Porto, Portugal
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Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Background/Aims: Overall, 2–13% of patients with thyroid cancer develop bone metastases (BM). In addition to decreased survival, patients with BM may present skeletal-related events (SRE) that impair the quality of life. Our objectives were to characterize clinical features, treatment approaches, and outcomes of patients with thyroid cancer and BM. Material and Methods: We identified patients diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma of follicular origin and BM followed at the Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal, from 1991 to 2017. SRE were defined as the need for bone irradiation, bone surgery, spinal cord compression, or pathologic fractures. Results: The final cohort consisted of 86 patients, with a median follow-up time of 54 months (IQR 22.8–82.8), mainly women (67.4%), and a median age of 64 years (IQR 53.6–71.2). BM was the initial presentation of thyroid cancer in 36.0% of the patients. Bone involvement was multiple in 59.3% of the cases. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequent histological type, present in 47.7% of the patients, of which 56.1% presented the follicular variant. SRE were found in 76.7% of the patients. The most frequent SRE was radiotherapy (66.3%). Treatment with bisphosphonates was initiated in 19.8% of the patients. The 5-year specific survival was 60%, whereas the 10-year specific survival decreased to 50%. There were no differences in 5- or 10-year specific survival regarding gender, the occurrence of SRE, or histological type. However, patients with initial radioiodine non-avid lesions had a lower 5- and 10-year specific survival (p = 0.002). Discussion: The high frequency of patients with SRE was notable. The follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer was the variant most commonly associated with BM, reflecting a more similar behavior to follicular carcinoma than the classic variant.
