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Liliana Ribeiro Santos Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal

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Inês Vasconcelos Bessa Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
Health Investigation and Innovation Institute (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Adriana Gaspar da Rocha Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Health Investigation and Innovation Institute (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Public Health Unit, ACES Baixo Mondego, Coimbra, Portugal

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Celestino Neves Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital University Centre of São João, Porto, Portugal

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Cláudia Freitas Department of Endocrinology, Hospital University Centre of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Paula Soares Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
Health Investigation and Innovation Institute (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Introduction Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is one of the most prevalent groups of autoimmune diseases ( 1 ). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) are the most significant AITDs ( 2 ), GD being around ten times less common

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid autoimmunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0090
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
Toshihide Yamamoto Yao Tokushukai General Hospital, Yao, Japan

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Introduction Variable occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) has been reported: 24% of 148 patients with Addison's disease in Poland [ 1 ], 47% of 664 patients in Norway [ 2 ], and

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000433532
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 3
Free access
Rudolf Hoermann Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Luedenscheid, Luedenscheid, Germany

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John E.M. Midgley North Lakes Clinical, Ilkley, UK

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Rolf Larisch Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Luedenscheid, Luedenscheid, Germany

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Johannes W. Dietrich Medical Department I, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, Ruhr University of Bochum
Ruhr Center for Rare Diseases (CeSER), Ruhr University of Bochum and Witten/Herdecke University, Bochum, Germany

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controls (n = 271), who showed no clinical evidence of the presence of thyroid dysfunction based on patient history, symptoms, physical examination, antibody status, and thyroid imaging, and (2) untreated patients with thyroid autoimmune disease (n = 86

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000447967
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 3
Free access
Fabio Maino Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Cristina Dalmiglio Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Nicoletta Benenati Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Michele Campanile Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Tania Pilli Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Raffaella Forleo Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Lucia Brilli Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Cristina Ciuoli Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Silvia Cantara Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Marco Capezzone Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Alessandra Cartocci Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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Furio Pacini Humanitas Clinical Institute, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy

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Maria Grazia Castagna Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

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cytological and histological series. Conclusion Thyroid autoimmune disease and DTC seem not to affect basal serum CT levels in patients with thyroid nodules. Therefore, in the presence of hypercalcitoninemia, MTC should be routinely excluded also in

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000511080
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 4
Free access
Grigoris Effraimidis Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Jan G.P. Tijssen Departments of Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Wilmar M. Wiersinga Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Introduction Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a multifactorial condition and genetic factors as well as environmental factors are thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. Twin studies suggest that genetic factors account for about 70

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000338920
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 2
Free access
Cléber P. Camacho Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo

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Susan C. Lindsey Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo

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Teresa S. Kasamatsu Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo

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Alberto L. Machado Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil

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João Roberto M. Martins Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo

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Rosa Paula M. Biscolla Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil

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Magnus R. Dias da Silva Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo

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José Gilberto H. Vieira Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rui M.B. Maciel Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo
Fleury Medicine and Health, São Paulo, Brazil

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, such as autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD) or chronic renal failure (CRF), the corresponding mild elevations in basal sCT result in indeterminate results regarding MTC diagnosis [ 14 , 15 ]. We developed a novel assay because the gold standard assay

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000363055
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 2
Free access
Sandra M. McLachlan Thyroid Autoimmune Disease Unit, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA

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Holly A. Aliesky Thyroid Autoimmune Disease Unit, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

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Priscilla Garcia Thyroid Autoimmune Disease Unit, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

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Bianca Banuelos Thyroid Autoimmune Disease Unit, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

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Basil Rapoport Thyroid Autoimmune Disease Unit, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA

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that resemble autoantibodies in human autoimmune thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 1651–1657. 30 Jaume JC, Rapoport B, McLachlan SM: Lack of female bias in a mouse model of autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000490700
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 4
Free access
Anthony P. Weetman Department of Human Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

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nature of the predisposing factors in autoimmune thyroid disease, and these will therefore form the basis of this review. But to start with, it is worth reminding ourselves of what Hashimoto described and how this fits historically into the general

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000343834
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 4
Free access
Yasmine Abdellaoui Department of Internal Medicine, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France

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Dimitra Magkou Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France

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Sofia Bakopoulou Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France

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Ramona Zaharia Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France

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Marie-Laure Raffin-Sanson Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France
EA 4340, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, UFR Simone Veil Santé, Montigny le Bretonneux, France

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Laure Cazabat Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Ambroise Paré Universitary Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne, France
EA 4340, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, UFR Simone Veil Santé, Montigny le Bretonneux, France

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What Is Known about This Topic? Both Graves’ disease and autoimmune hypothyroidism were described in patients with resistance to thyroid hormone beta (RTHβ). Undiagnosed RTHβ can lead to misdiagnosis of Graves’ disease. The

Article Type:
Case Report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000506424
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Free access
Berglind Jonsdottir Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Markus Lundgren Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Sara Wallengren Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Åke Lernmark Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Ida Jönsson Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Helena Elding Larsson Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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(TGAb), and the TSH receptor [ 1 ]. Thyroid autoimmunity may cause cellular damage and result in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), with two opposing clinical phenotypes: autoimmune hypothyroidism and Graves’ hyperthyroidism. Autoimmune hypothyroidism

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1159/000479964
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 6
Free access