Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
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Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Departments of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
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Thyroid Head and Neck Ablation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
Department of Radiology, Jen-Ai Hospital, Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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/FLUS) category, known as Bethesda category III, has been ascribed a malignancy risk of 5–15% ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). According to international guidelines, Bethesda III thyroid nodules are not considered an indication of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) ( 6 , 7
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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treatment in advanced and infiltrative thyroid tumors ( 4 ). No specific recommendations are available regarding the use of RFA or other mini-invasive procedures in indeterminate nodules (Bethesda III and IV). According to the last Bethesda classification
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, ultrasound scores are used to determine which nodules should undergo FNAC and the Bethesda classification is used to assess management based on the risk of malignancy ( 7 , 8 ). Suspicious nodules with Bethesda III, Bethesda IV, and Bethesda V cytology
Department of Pathology, General University Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
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Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
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The Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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The Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
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Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
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Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
The Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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). Currently, the approach to Bethesda III diagnosis is determined by clinical and ultrasound risk factors ( 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ). It is generally reasonable to adopt a conservative approach with ultrasound surveillance and repeat FNA
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Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Departments of Medicine, Oncology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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indeterminate (Bethesda III/IV) nodule identified on FNA in the Calgary and Southern Alberta Healthcare region between July 31, 2020, and November 1, 2021. After excluding thyroid biopsy ultrasound reports and 2 ultrasound reports performed before 2018, there
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met the following criteria: (1) nodules with benign or malignant cytology – categories II and VI of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC); (2) nodules with non-diagnostic and indeterminate cytology (BSRTC I, BSRTC III, and
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Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fleury Medicina e Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fleury Medicina e Saúde, São Paulo, Brazil
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malignancy rates and approaches to treatment. These 6 categories are: nondiagnostic or unsatisfactory (ND, Bethesda I), benign (Bethesda II), atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS, Bethesda III
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: an institutional experience . Cytojournal . 2014 Aug ; 11 ( 1 ): 23 . 10.4103/1742-6413.139725 25210530 1742-6413 15 Gweon HM , Son EJ , Youk JH , Kim JA . Thyroid nodules with Bethesda system III cytology: can ultrasonography
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category III, IV, or V, with the majority (32%) being category IV (suspicious for follicular neoplasm) ( Fig. 2 ). Figure 2 BSRTC category according to histological diagnosis. BSRTC, Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology; FNAB, fine
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according to the Bethesda classification system ( 24 ). DNA was obtained from all Bethesda III, IV, and V cytological samples and was subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing using Ion Gene Studio S5, Ion Torrent Platform with AmpliSeq TM Kit (Life