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, elevated intracellular ATP consumption, and increased ROS production [ 5 , 6 ]. Moreover, there is evidence supporting a role of oxidative processes in the genesis of Graves’ disease (GD) [ 7 ], hyperthyroidism-induced damage such as thyrotoxic myopathy and
Institute of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Wallenberg’s Centre of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
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Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
Gothenburg Centre for Person Centred-Care (GPCC), Göteborg, Sweden
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mental symptoms may be a consequence of the elevated thyroid hormones, the autoimmune reaction, the circumstance that persons with psychiatric conditions may be more prone to develop Graves’ disease (GD), the development of complications like thyroid
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thyrotoxicosis [ 4 ]. However, some reports have demonstrated other causes of VF [ 5 , 6 ]. We report here a case of Graves' disease with VF as the result of thyrotoxicosis and review the literature on VF associated with thyrotoxicosis. This case suggests that
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gestation. In contrast, TSH receptor antibodies have a prevalence of around 0.01%, but neonatal hyperthyroidism occurs in 30% of TSH receptor antibody-positive women [ 2 ]. Course of Graves’ Disease during Pregnancy Deterioration in the clinical
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Introduction Management of Graves' orbitopathy (GO), the most important extrathyroidal expression of Graves' disease, remains a major challenge and dilemma [ 1 ]. Available therapies are largely imperfect, and a large proportion of patients
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What Is Known about this Topic? Thyroid dermopathy is a rare extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD). It is usually bilateral, but monolateral variants can be observed. As for Graves’ orbitopathy, the most common
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Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Odense, Denmark
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National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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depression [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ] but increased prevalence of anxiety and depression is also found in hyperthyroidism [ 7 ], particularly in the early phase of Graves' disease [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], compared with the general population or compared with patients
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Established Facts Radioiodine (RAI) therapy for Graves’ disease is generally well tolerated. RAI therapy can rarely cause radiation-induced thyroiditis, but this is self-limiting and localized to the thyroid gland. Novel
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thyrotoxicosis and resolves rapidly after euthyroidism is restored. • Awareness of this very rare manifestation of thyrotoxicosis may obviate the need to seek alternative diagnoses. Introduction Graves’ disease is the commonest cause of thyrotoxicosis
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contrary, Graves’ disease has been described in only eight patients during ICPis treatment, five during anti-CTLA-4 and three during anti-PD-1 treatment. We report the fourth case of Grave’s disease induced by anti-PD-1, the second with an overt