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Colin M. Dayan Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK

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Vijay Panicker Department of Endocrinology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, W.A., Australia

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Introduction An association between hypothyroidism and depression has been accepted and taught in medicine for many years, although the nature of this relationship and what determines it have not been convincingly proven. Observations on which

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Roberto Negro Division of Endocrinology, ‘V. Fazzi' Hospital, Lecce

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Giacomo Greco Faculty of Medicine, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy

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Introduction Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, in particular with increased risk of congestive heart failure (HF) and coronary heart disease events and mortality [ 1 , 2

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Veeravich Jaruvongvanich Department of Internal Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

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Anawin Sanguankeo Department of Internal Medicine, Bassett Medical Center and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Cooperstown, NY, USA
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

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Sikarin Upala Department of Internal Medicine, Bassett Medical Center and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Cooperstown, NY, USA
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

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-analysis of all published observational studies regarding the association of NAFLD and thyroid dysfunction including hypothyroidism and thyroid hormone levels compared to non-NAFLD subjects. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was

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Mehtap Cakir Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Konya, Turkey

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Banu Turgut Ozturk Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey

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Elif Turan Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Konya, Turkey

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Gulsum Gonulalan Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Konya, Turkey

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Ilker Polat Departments of Internal Medicine, Konya, Turkey

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Kemal Gunduz Departments of Ophthalmology, Meram School of Medicine, Konya Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey

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knowledge, there are no systematic studies that address the consequences of hypothyroidism on human color contrast sensitivity in adults. Color vision, which is described as the absorption of light by three different spectral classes of cones may be

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Riccardo Donzelli Departments of Pathology, University of Pisa

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Daria Colligiani Departments of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa

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Claudia Kusmic Departments of CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy

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Martina Sabatini Departments of Pathology, University of Pisa

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Leonardo Lorenzini Departments of Pathology, University of Pisa

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Alice Accorroni Departments of Pathology, University of Pisa
Departments of Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy

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Monica Nannipieri Departments of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa

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Alessandro Saba Departments of Pathology, University of Pisa

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Giorgio Iervasi Departments of CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy

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Riccardo Zucchi Departments of Pathology, University of Pisa

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[ 9 ], as well as in some patients subjected to replacement therapy after thyroidectomy who still display symptoms related to hypothyroidism in spite of a normal plasma TH profile [ 10 , 11 ]. While the assay of plasma TH has been extensively

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Estefanía Rinaldini Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina

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Fiorella Campo Verde Arboccó Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina

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Marcelo Ezquer Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile

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Carlos Gamarra-Luques Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina

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María Belén Hapon Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina

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Introduction Thyroid diseases cause menstrual disturbances, reduced fertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, perinatal mortality, and lactational deficit [ 1 , 2 ]. We have demonstrated that hypothyroidism delays the onset of parturition, reduces

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Nancy Van Wilder Departments of Endocrinology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

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Bert Bravenboer Departments of Endocrinology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

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Sarah Herremans Departments of Psychiatry, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

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Nathalie Vanderbruggen Departments of Psychiatry, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

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Brigitte Velkeniers Departments of Endocrinology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

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malabsorption of levothyroxine, specially focusing on the psychiatric problems leading to pseudomalabsorption. Introduction The usual treatment for hypothyroidism is supplementation with synthetic levothyroxine orally administrated aiming to achieve a

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Roberto Negro Division of Endocrinology, V. Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy

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Roberto Attanasio Endocrine Unit, Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy

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Endre V. Nagy Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

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Enrico Papini Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ospedale Regina Apostolorum, Rome, Italy

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Petros Perros Department of Endocrinology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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Laszlo Hegedüs Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Introduction Levothyroxine (LT4) prescription for hypothyroidism is steadily increasing as the threshold of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration for initiating treatment is progressively decreasing [ 1 ]. In the past

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Sangeetha Sirigiri Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Suresh Vaikkakara Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Alok Sachan Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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P.V.L.N. Srinivasarao Departments of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India

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Sunil Epuri Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Sailaja Anantarapu Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Arun Mukka Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Srinivasa Rao Chokkapu Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Ashok Venkatanarasu Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Ravi Poojari Departments of Endocrinology, Tirupati, India

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Introduction Hypothyroidism, either subclinical or overt, has been associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. It is also known to be associated with insulin resistance [ 4 ] and dyslipidemia [ 5 ] characterized by

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Rajesh Rajput Department of Endocrinology and Medicine Unit V, Pt. B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India

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Vaibhav Pathak Department of Endocrinology and Medicine Unit V, Pt. B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India

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Introduction Hypothyroidism is one of the most common hormone deficiencies with a straightforward diagnosis and treatment as well as an excellent outcome if the patient continues to take treatment regularly. Levothyroxine (LT4) at a dose of 1

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