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Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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-being to be restored [ 1 ]. An alternative treatment with L-T 4 /liothyronine (L-T 3 ) combination therapy remains controversial, but is nonetheless often requested by patients. The European Thyroid Association concluded in its 2012 guidelines that a small
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symptoms despite being biochemically euthyroid [ 1 ]. European Thyroid Association (ETA) guidelines [ 2 ] from 2012 suggest that L-T 4 /liothyronine (L-T 3 ) combination therapy could be considered as an experimental approach for compliant patients with
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Brain T 3 Be Restored by Treatment with Combined Levothyroxine and Liothyronine Therapy? There is circumstantial evidence supporting the paradigm that a variability/defect in thyroid hormone transport and/or metabolism could lead to insufficient T 3
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Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Division of Pharmacies and Reimbursement, Danish Health and Medicines Authority, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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enzymes converting thyroxine (T 4 ) to T 3 , qualifying these patients for combination therapy [ 3 ]. T 4 /T 3 combination therapy can be given as combination of L-T 4 /liothyronine (L-T 3 ) or as desiccated thyroid. The therapy is controversial: T 3
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excluded, the patient and their physician may wish to explore alternative therapies for optimization of health and well-being. However, the use of combination therapy with both LT4 and liothyronine (LT3) remains highly controversial with conflicting results
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significantly impact their lives and may, from a patient's point of view, be unacceptable. TSH-stimulated radioiodine (RI) therapy is an important tool in the treatment of DTC. This requires a high concentration of TSH in serum. Traditionally, this has been
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: Combined therapy with levothyroxine and liothyronine in two ratios, compared with levothyroxine monotherapy in primary hypothyroidism: a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:2666–2674. 10.1210/jc.2004
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. It should be considered in subjects with high thyroid hormone requirements after excluding poor compliance and malabsorption. Very high doses of levothyroxine, sometimes in combination with liothyronine, are needed to compensate for the
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patients on ‘adequate’ doses of L-thyroxine: results of a large, controlled community-based questionnaire study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2002;57:577–585. 4 Clyde PW, Harari AE, Getka EJ, Shakir KM: Combined levothyroxine plus liothyronine compared
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Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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increased, and it has been suggested that some hypothyroid patients could improve their quality of life if treated with liothyronine (L-T3) or desiccated thyroid extract (DTE). However, L-T3 and DTE therapy is still controversial among endocrinologists and