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and this is not associated with an adverse pregnancy outcome [ 2 , 3 ]. GD and GTT must be distinguished from each other because their clinical courses, associated risks for the mother and the fetus, and the management are different. In general the
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) before the TD onset following HAART in a small patient cohort [ 17 ]; therefore, the detection of preclinical disease would not alter the monitoring or management of TD. Recommendation 7. We do not recommend routine measurement of thyroid
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that most PTMCs have a very indolent nature and excellent outcomes [ 2 , 5 , 6 ]. Recently, active surveillance (AS) instead of immediate surgery was suggested as a management option for PTMCs [ 6 - 8 ]. By definition, AS means applying life
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nodularity coexists with hyperthyroidism, and prior to RAI therapy. 2, ∅∅∅○ Management Medical Treatment Graves’ hyperthyroidism is treated by reducing TH synthesis, using ATD, or by reducing the amount of thyroid tissue with RAI treatment or
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. During the last 2 decades advances in our understanding of thyroid physiology in pregnancy have led to the appreciation of the adverse effects of SCH on both the mother and child. Furthermore, considerable variation in the management of SCH in pregnancy
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ultrasound examination program, i.e. the Fukushima Health Management Survey [ 1 , 2 ]. The first cycle of examinations was conducted to the 2013 fiscal year on all children of the Fukushima Prefecture (residents aged 0-18 years at the time of the accident
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-spine fractures) [ 71 , 75 , 108 , 109 ] (1/++0). Fig. 1 Algorithm for the management of SHyper. a TSHR-Abs = TSH-receptor antibodies. b Grade 1 SHyper (TSH levels: 0.1-0.39 mIU/l). c Grade 2 SHyper (TSH levels <0.1 mIU/l). d RAI in patients with
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Cancer Genetics Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA); it follows that overdiagnosis of DTC results in potentially avoidable morbidity arising from surgical or RRA therapies. The key recommendations of the British Thyroid Association (BTA) 2014 guidelines for the management of
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without this leading to a significant lowering of thyroid cancer mortality ( 11 , 12 , 13 ). There is a pronounced need for more cost-effective, risk-adapted approaches to the management of this highly prevalent condition, taking the wishes of the
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treatment. In 2008, the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) released a consensus statement on the treatment of Graves’ Orbitopathy (GO) ( 8 ). In 2016, the European Thyroid Association (ETA) collaborated with EUGOGO to publish the management