Search for other papers by Peter Laurberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nils Knudsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Stig Andersen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Allan Carlé in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Inge Bülow Pedersen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jesper Karmisholt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
clinical question in the thyroid and obesity field is the potential association between thyroid function and weight control, and the issue has been addressed in many studies. The present review discusses data suggesting that even rather small differences in
Search for other papers by Zohar Steinberg Ben-Zeev in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marina Peniakov in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Clari Felszer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Scott A Weiner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Avishay Lahad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Shlomo Almashanu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Search for other papers by Yardena Tenenbaum Rakover in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Maternal thyroid diseases are considered a risk factor for abnormal thyroid function at birth ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ), as well as for long-term morbidity in offspring ( 1 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). Maternal
Search for other papers by Isabelle Clinckspoor in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anne-Catherine Gérard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jacqueline Van Sande in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marie-Christine Many in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lieve Verlinden in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Roger Bouillon in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Geert Carmeliet in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Search for other papers by Chantal Mathieu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Annemieke Verstuyf in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Search for other papers by Brigitte Decallonne in
Google Scholar
PubMed
antithyroid antibodies and abnormal thyroid function in humans [ 19 , 20 ], and to modulate autoimmune hyperthyroidism in mice [ 21 ]. Apart from inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and increasing renal calcium and phosphate excretion, calcitonin
Search for other papers by Flora Veltri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kris Poppe in
Google Scholar
PubMed
point [ 7 , 8 ]. It is estimated that 45–65% of the total variation in thyroid function is determined by genetic factors, while the rest is determined by variables such as environmental factors (e.g., iodine status) and individual characteristics (e
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Search for other papers by Louise Knøsgaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Geriatrics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Search for other papers by Stig Andersen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Annebirthe Bo Hansen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
Search for other papers by Peter Vestergaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Search for other papers by Stine Linding Andersen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction The diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease during pregnancy are debated and uncertainties exist regarding the assessment of maternal thyroid function in early pregnancy ( 1 , 2 ). During a normal pregnancy, several
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by João Sérgio Neves in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
Search for other papers by Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by Marta Borges-Canha in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ana Rita Leite in
Google Scholar
PubMed
EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by Sandra Martins in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ana Oliveira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by João Tiago Guimarães in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by Davide Carvalho in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Adelino Leite-Moreira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by Ana Azevedo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
[ 17 , 18 ]. While the effects of overt and subclinical thyroid dysfunction on cardiac function have been well characterized [ 19 , 20 ], the association of thyroid hormone levels within the reference range with cardiac function remains uncertain
Search for other papers by Joachim M. Weitzel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Thyroid hormone (TH) has a profound influence on normal development, differentiation, and metabolism. Genomic actions of THs are mainly mediated and regulated by thyroid hormone receptors (TRs); however, TH-transmitted effects are
Search for other papers by Ulrich Schweizer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jörg Johannes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Dorothea Bayer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Doreen Braun in
Google Scholar
PubMed
sensitivity to thyroid hormone. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013;1830:3987-4003. 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.08.005 22986150 23 Schweizer U, Köhrle J: Function of thyroid hormone transporters in the central nervous system. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013
Search for other papers by Dominik Spira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nikolaus Buchmann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Search for other papers by Marcus Dörr in
Google Scholar
PubMed
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Search for other papers by Marcello R P Markus in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Search for other papers by Matthias Nauck in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sabine Schipf in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Joachim Spranger in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BCRT – Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
Search for other papers by Ilja Demuth in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Search for other papers by Henry Völzke in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Till Ittermann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
with low thyroid function and prediabetes seem to be more likely to progress to type 2 diabetes compared to those with prediabetes and thyroid hormone levels in the reference range ( 6 ). The effects of subclinical hypo- or hyperthyroidism on glucose
Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Hongcheng Wei in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Quanquan Guan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Qiurun Yu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ting Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Xu Wang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Yankai Xia in
Google Scholar
PubMed
suggests that maternal thyroid function, acting as an essential biological indicator during pregnancy, plays a critical role in normal reproduction in several pathways, and thyroid dysfunction is among the most prevalent endocrine disorders during pregnancy